Spirnak J P
J Urol. 1987 May;137(5):841-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)44269-8.
Retrograde percutaneous nephrostolithotomy was attempted by the urology service in 28 patients. Renal access was achieved with the standard Lawson retrograde nephrostomy set. Tract dilation was performed over the 0.017-inch puncture wire. Successful renal access was achieved in 28 of 30 kidneys (93 per cent) and in 1 session the targeted stone was removed in 26 (87 per cent). Two patients failed the retrograde technique and underwent successful antegrade stone removal under the same anesthesia. Two patients required open stone removal. No patient required a second percutaneous procedure for incomplete stone removal, no major bleeding episodes occurred and no complications requiring surgical intervention were encountered. The technique of retrograde percutaneous nephrostolithotomy is a safe and reliable means to achieve precise, atraumatic intrarenal access. It is easy to learn and does not require the expertise of a trained radiologist.
泌尿外科对28例患者尝试了逆行经皮肾镜取石术。使用标准的劳森逆行肾造瘘套件实现肾穿刺通路。通过0.017英寸的穿刺导丝进行通道扩张。30个肾脏中的28个（93%）成功实现了肾穿刺通路，且在1次手术中26个（87%）的目标结石被取出。2例患者逆行技术失败，在相同麻醉下成功进行了顺行结石取出术。2例患者需要开放取石。没有患者因结石清除不完全而需要进行第二次经皮手术，未发生大出血事件，也未遇到需要手术干预的并发症。逆行经皮肾镜取石术是一种安全可靠的方法，可实现精确、无创的肾内穿刺通路。该技术易于学习，不需要训练有素的放射科医生的专业技能。
