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在酿酒酵母的过热应激条件下,G1-周期蛋白 2(Cln2)促进 eco1/ctf7 rad61 缺失细胞中的染色体超螺旋。

G1-Cyclin2 (Cln2) promotes chromosome hypercondensation in eco1/ctf7 rad61 null cells during hyperthermic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

机构信息

Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA.

Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.

出版信息

G3 (Bethesda). 2022 Jul 29;12(8). doi: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac157.

Abstract

Eco1/Ctf7 is a highly conserved acetyltransferase that activates cohesin complexes and is critical for sister chromatid cohesion, chromosome condensation, DNA damage repair, nucleolar integrity, and gene transcription. Mutations in the human homolog of ECO1 (ESCO2/EFO2), or in genes that encode cohesin subunits, result in severe developmental abnormalities and intellectual disabilities referred to as Roberts syndrome and Cornelia de Lange syndrome, respectively. In yeast, deletion of ECO1 results in cell inviability. Codeletion of RAD61 (WAPL in humans), however, produces viable yeast cells. These eco1 rad61 double mutants, however, exhibit a severe temperature-sensitive growth defect, suggesting that Eco1 or cohesins respond to hyperthermic stress through a mechanism that occurs independent of Rad61. Here, we report that deletion of the G1 cyclin CLN2 rescues the temperature-sensitive lethality otherwise exhibited by eco1 rad61 mutant cells, such that the triple mutant cells exhibit robust growth over a broad range of temperatures. While Cln1, Cln2, and Cln3 are functionally redundant G1 cyclins, neither CLN1 nor CLN3 deletions rescue the temperature-sensitive growth defects otherwise exhibited by eco1 rad61 double mutants. We further provide evidence that CLN2 deletion rescues hyperthermic growth defects independent of START and impacts the state of chromosome condensation. These findings reveal novel roles for Cln2 that are unique among the G1 cyclin family and appear critical for cohesin regulation during hyperthermic stress.

摘要

Eco1/Ctf7 是一种高度保守的乙酰转移酶,可激活黏连蛋白复合物,对于姐妹染色单体黏合、染色体浓缩、DNA 损伤修复、核仁完整性和基因转录至关重要。ECO1 人类同源物(ESCO2/EFO2)或编码黏连蛋白亚基的基因突变,分别导致严重的发育异常和智力障碍,称为罗伯茨综合征和科恩利氏综合征。在酵母中,ECO1 的缺失导致细胞无法存活。然而,RAD61(人类中的 WAPL)的缺失产生了有活力的酵母细胞。然而,这些 eco1 rad61 双突变体表现出严重的温度敏感生长缺陷,表明 Eco1 或黏连蛋白通过一种独立于 Rad61 的机制对高热应激做出反应。在这里,我们报告说,删除 G1 周期蛋白 CLN2 可挽救 eco1 rad61 突变细胞 otherwise exhibited 的温度敏感致死性,使得三突变细胞在广泛的温度范围内表现出强劲的生长。虽然 Cln1、Cln2 和 Cln3 是功能冗余的 G1 周期蛋白,但 CLN1 或 CLN3 的缺失都不能挽救 eco1 rad61 双突变体 otherwise exhibited 的温度敏感生长缺陷。我们进一步提供证据表明,CLN2 的缺失可独立于 START 挽救高温生长缺陷,并影响染色体浓缩状态。这些发现揭示了 Cln2 的新作用,这些作用在 G1 周期蛋白家族中是独特的,似乎对高温应激期间黏连蛋白的调节至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9d2d/9339302/1608e149b938/jkac157f1.jpg

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