School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Oct 5;296:115467. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115467. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
Tribal migratory shepherds (Gaddi) living in the Northwestern Himalayan region are well known for their nomadic lifestyle in which tribal migratory shepherds along with their livestock which mainly include sheep and goat migrate seasonally in the Northwestern Himalayan region from high hills to low hills for the survival of their livestock from cold winters and hot summer. Due to harsh environmental conditions, heavy snowfall, heavy rainfall, wild animal attacks, no medical facilities, no transportation, and no electricity facilities tribal migratory shepherds mostly rely on plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use to treat livestock disease.
The aim of our study is to conduct ethnoveterinary survey for the first time to document the contemporary oral ethnoveterinary knowledge of Gaddi shepherds living in Northwestern Himalayan region.
The documentation of plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use was executed through extensive field surveys from 2017 to 2019. Data were collected through direct interviews by administrating questionnaire among tribal migratory shepherds.
A total of 181 plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use belonging to the same or different families were documented during the seasonal migration of shepherds from Northwestern Himalayan region. Most frequently occurring family of plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary was Poaceae, leaves and roots were reported to be the most frequently used plant parts. Most frequently documented plant species for ethnoveterinary use were Cynodon dactylon, Chenopodium album, Zanthoxylum armatum, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica and Cannabis sativa. Chrysopogon serrulatus, Cynodon dactylon, and Vitex negundo were reported with high use reports. Some of the endemic species of Northwestern Himalayan region such as Elymus himalayanus and Euphorbia pilosa and one endangered species Picrorhiza kurrooa were reported in current study.
It is observed that there is a need to raise awareness among the tribal migratory shepherds about the sustainable use and conservation of some of the plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use. This study provided an inventory of plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use having significant ethnoveterinary potential, however there is need of scientific evaluations by in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies.
生活在西北喜马拉雅地区的部落游牧牧民以其游牧生活方式而闻名，他们与主要包括绵羊和山羊在内的牲畜一起季节性地在西北喜马拉雅地区从高山迁移到低山，以确保牲畜在寒冷的冬季和炎热的夏季得以生存。由于恶劣的环境条件、大雪、大雨、野生动物的袭击、缺乏医疗设施、没有交通工具和电力设施，部落游牧牧民主要依赖于用于兽医的植物物种来治疗牲畜疾病。
我们的研究旨在首次进行兽医民族学调查，以记录生活在西北喜马拉雅地区的加迪牧民的当代口头兽医民族学知识。
通过 2017 年至 2019 年的广泛实地调查，记录了用于兽医的植物物种。通过向游牧牧民发放问卷进行直接访谈，收集了数据。
在牧民从西北喜马拉雅地区季节性迁徙期间，共记录了 181 种用于兽医的植物物种，这些植物属于同一或不同的科。用于兽医的植物物种最常出现的科是禾本科，叶子和根被报告为最常使用的植物部分。最常被记录用于兽医的植物物种是狗牙根、藜、花椒、库拉索芦荟、印度楝和大麻。蟋蟀草、狗牙根和荆条被报告的使用频率较高。本研究还报道了西北喜马拉雅地区的一些特有种，如喜马拉雅鹅观草和大戟，以及一种濒危物种喜马拉雅斑叶兰。
观察到有必要提高部落游牧牧民对一些用于兽医的植物物种的可持续利用和保护意识。本研究提供了一份具有重要兽医潜力的用于兽医的植物物种清单，然而，需要通过体外、体内和临床研究进行科学评估。
