Lahti Mental Disabilities Psychiatry Unit, Eteva Municipal Association, Lahti, Finland.
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Science, Oulu University of Applied Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
J Clin Nurs. 2023 Jul;32(13-14):3173-3184. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16425. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
The aim of this study was to compile, assess and synthesise empirical research on violence by social and healthcare clients or patients against staff and its connections to staff's well-being at work, implementation of work and activities of leaders related to it.
Workplace violence against social and healthcare staff is a global and daily problem. One in three employees encounters violence from patients or clients and the risk of this is 16 times higher compared to other professions. None of the recent reviews on this topic were focused on the well-being at work, implementation of work or leaders' role in the cases of violence of clients or patients against the staff.
An integrative review reported according to PRISMA Checklist.
The search was conducted to CINAHL, PubMed, PsychINFO and Scopus databases resulting in 21 articles. The quality of the articles was evaluated, and the data were analysed narratively.
The workplace violence committed by clients and patients was negatively connected to staff's psychological, emotional and physical well-being at work and to their work performance and commitment. The leaders found this form of workplace violence challenging and ethically conflicted and felt that they were left alone without training and support. The employees expressed disappointment with their leaders' activities and suggested many measures to make environment safer to staff and patients.
In future, intervention studies are needed for prevention of workplace violence by patients and clients against staff and for supporting the well-being at work of staff in relation to violent incidents.
Workplaces should introduce uniform protocols for reporting, preventing and processing workplace violence committed by clients and patients. An open dialogue with leaders and co-workers of the cases is of high importance. Leaders and staff need training that ensure patient and work safety.
本研究旨在整理、评估和综合有关社会和医疗保健客户或患者对员工的暴力行为及其与员工工作福祉、工作实施以及相关领导活动的实证研究。
针对社会和医疗保健人员的工作场所暴力是一个全球性和日常存在的问题。三分之一的员工遭遇过患者或客户的暴力，其风险比其他职业高 16 倍。最近关于这个主题的综述都没有关注工作福祉、工作实施或领导者在客户或患者对员工暴力行为中的角色。
根据 PRISMA 清单报告的综合审查。
在 CINAHL、PubMed、PsychINFO 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了检索，共得到 21 篇文章。评估了文章的质量，并进行了叙述性数据分析。
客户和患者实施的工作场所暴力与员工的心理、情感和身体健康福祉以及工作表现和投入呈负相关。领导者发现这种形式的工作场所暴力具有挑战性，在道德上存在冲突，他们感到在没有培训和支持的情况下孤立无援。员工对领导的活动表示失望，并提出了许多措施，以确保员工和患者的工作环境更加安全。
未来需要进行干预研究，以预防患者和客户对员工的工作场所暴力，并支持员工在暴力事件中保持工作福祉。
工作场所应引入统一的报告、预防和处理客户和患者实施的工作场所暴力的协议。与案件的领导和同事进行公开对话非常重要。领导和员工需要确保患者和工作安全的培训。
