Lee Jenny, Havaei Farinaz, Hirani Saima, Adhami Nassim
School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Clin Nurs. 2024 Dec 31. doi: 10.1111/jocn.17639.
To investigate predictors of nurses' reporting behaviours and their reasons for not formally reporting.
Underreporting of workplace violence (WPV) among nurses contributes to gaps in WPV prevention measures, as it cannot be fully understood. WPV is classified according to its source (Type II: patients and visitors, Type III: coworkers) and forms (physical assault, threat of assault, emotional abuse, verbal sexual harassment and sexual assault).
This is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected in 2019 from British Columbia (BC), Canada.
This study had a sample of 4109 BC nurses. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse predictors of reporting behaviours. Reasons for not reporting were analysed descriptively.
Informal reporting to management or through a patient safety incident report was less likely when nurses experienced threat of assault, emotional abuse and verbal sexual harassment from both Type II and III sources and physical assault from Type III sources. Higher perceptions of WPV prevention efforts increased odds of informal and formal reporting through employee incident procedures. Believing that nothing would change after reporting remained among the top three reasons for not formally reporting across all WPV sources and forms. Nurses also commonly selected not knowing the formal process, lack of leadership support and other reasons stated in an open-text response.
Findings indicate that nurses in BC, Canada, perceive many barriers to formal WPV reporting. Formal reporting systems should address these barriers so that healthcare organisations can effectively track WPV and have data to inform WPV prevention measures.
To promote WPV reporting, healthcare organisations need multifaceted interventions including confidential and simplified reporting systems, leadership support to follow-up with nurses and education and training on reporting systems.
The authors of this manuscript have adhered to the relevant EQUATOR guidelines based on the STROBE cross-sectional reporting method.
No patient or public contribution.
调查护士报告行为的预测因素及其未进行正式报告的原因。
护士对工作场所暴力（WPV）的报告不足导致WPV预防措施存在差距，因为无法全面了解情况。WPV根据其来源（第二类：患者和访客，第三类：同事）和形式（身体攻击、攻击威胁、情感虐待、言语性骚扰和性侵犯）进行分类。
这是对2019年从加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）收集的横断面调查数据进行的二次分析。
本研究样本为4109名BC护士。采用多项逻辑回归分析报告行为的预测因素。对未报告的原因进行描述性分析。
当护士受到来自第二类和第三类来源的攻击威胁、情感虐待和言语性骚扰以及来自第三类来源的身体攻击时，向管理层或通过患者安全事件报告进行非正式报告的可能性较小。对WPV预防工作的更高认知增加了通过员工事件程序进行非正式和正式报告的几率。认为报告后不会有任何改变仍然是所有WPV来源和形式中未进行正式报告的三大主要原因之一。护士们还普遍选择不知道正式流程、缺乏领导支持以及在开放式文本回复中提到的其他原因。
研究结果表明，加拿大BC省的护士认为正式报告WPV存在许多障碍。正式报告系统应消除这些障碍，以便医疗保健机构能够有效地跟踪WPV并有数据为WPV预防措施提供依据。
为促进WPV报告，医疗保健机构需要多方面的干预措施，包括保密和简化的报告系统、领导对护士后续跟进的支持以及报告系统的教育和培训。
本手稿的作者遵循了基于STROBE横断面报告方法的相关EQUATOR指南。
无患者或公众贡献。
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