EpisomiR，一种新的微小RNA家族及其在人类疾病中的可能作用。

EpisomiR, a New Family of miRNAs, and Its Possible Roles in Human Diseases.

作者信息

Arao Yasuko, Nakayama Mika, Tsuji Yoshiko, Hamano Yumiko, Otsuka Chihiro, Vecchione Andrea, Ofusa Ken, Ishii Hideshi

机构信息

Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.

Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Santo Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza", Via di Grottarossa, 1035-00189 Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Biomedicines. 2022 May 30;10(6):1280. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10061280.

DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10061280

PMID:35740302

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9220071/

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are synthesized through a canonical pathway and play a role in human diseases, such as cancers and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and chronic inflammatory diseases. The development of sequencing technologies has enabled the identification of variations in noncoding miRNAs. These miRNA variants, called isomiRs, are generated through a non-canonical pathway, by several enzymes that alter the length and sequence of miRNAs. The isomiR family is, now, expanding further to include episomiRs, which are miRNAs with different modifications. Since recent findings have shown that isomiRs reflect the cell-specific biological function of miRNAs, knowledge about episomiRs and isomiRs can, possibly, contribute to the optimization of diagnosis and therapeutic technology for precision medicine.

摘要

微小RNA（miRNA）通过经典途径合成，并在人类疾病中发挥作用，如癌症、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、精神疾病和慢性炎症性疾病。测序技术的发展使得非编码miRNA中的变异得以识别。这些被称为异源miRNA（isomiRs）的miRNA变体是通过非经典途径由几种改变miRNA长度和序列的酶产生的。现在，异源miRNA家族正在进一步扩展，包括附加体miRNA（episomiRs），即具有不同修饰的miRNA。由于最近的研究结果表明异源miRNA反映了miRNA的细胞特异性生物学功能，关于附加体miRNA和异源miRNA的知识可能有助于优化精准医学的诊断和治疗技术。