Sułkowski W, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Kowalska S
Med Pr. 1986;37(6):353-61.
Incidence of the occupational cancer of the upper respiratory tract has been assessed on the basis of analysis of the data from central register of the occupational disease recognized by the state sanitary-epidemiological service. 99 cases versus 374 all registered occupational cancers of different target organs were found, entirely in men of the mean age 53.6 +/- 6.8 years, and of mean exposure duration 21.3 +/- 8.3 years. The greatest number of cases concerned the workers employed in engineering (23.2%) metallurgical (18.2%) and chemical (14.1%) industry in age groups 50-59 years (55.5%) and duration 16-20 years and above (75.6%). Among carcinogens identified in the work environment, tars, soots and oils with content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (46.5%), chromium compounds (24.3%), "other" chemicals like ferric oxide, dichlorobenzidine, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine (9.1%), and asbestos (9.1%) have predominated in proportions given in brackets. In the major part of cases analysed in the study, the larynx was affected (86.9%), and only individual cancers were localized within oral cavity (7.1%), pharynx (4.0%), nose and nasal sinuses (2.0%). Finally, some general difficulties with identification of human environmental carcinogens, and with explaining possible associations between specific cancer sites and industrial chemicals action have been discussed.
根据国家卫生流行病学服务部门认可的职业病中央登记数据，对上呼吸道职业性癌症的发病率进行了评估。在所有登记的374例不同靶器官的职业性癌症中，发现了99例上呼吸道职业性癌症，患者均为男性，平均年龄53.6±6.8岁，平均接触时长21.3±8.3年。病例数最多的是年龄在50 - 59岁（占55.5%）、接触时长16 - 20年及以上（占75.6%）的工程（23.2%）、冶金（18.2%）和化工（14.1%）行业的工人。在工作环境中确定的致癌物中，含有多环芳烃的焦油、烟尘和油类（46.5%）、铬化合物（24.3%）、“其他”化学品如氧化铁、二氯联苯胺、N - 苯基 - 2 - 萘胺（9.1%）以及石棉（9.1%）占主要比例（括号内为所占比例）。在该研究分析的大部分病例中，喉部受到影响（86.9%），只有个别癌症发生在口腔（7.1%）、咽部（4.0%）、鼻和鼻窦（2.0%）。最后，讨论了在识别人类环境致癌物以及解释特定癌症部位与工业化学品作用之间可能的关联方面存在的一些普遍困难。
