Zeng Guang, Xu Liumei, Feng Shuidong, Tang Jie, Wang Xiaohui, Li Guilian, Gan Yongxia, Zheng Chenli, Zhao Jin, Yang Zhengrong
School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
Department of HIV/STDS Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 May 31;10(6):880. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060880.
The purpose of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the immunogenicity and immune persistence of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in PLWH in the real world. We collected blood samples from 132 PLWH aged 18−59 years who were vaccinated with two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine (Sinopharm) or CoronaVac vaccine (SinoVac) at 28 ± 7 days and 180 ± 20 days the after second dose, to detect the level of Spike receptor binding domain-protein specific IgG (S-RBD-IgG) by using chemiluminescence. We found that the BBIBP-CorV vaccine or the CoronaVac vaccine induced lower S-RBD-IgG antibody seropositivity rates and levels in PLWH than in healthy controls (HCs). The BBIBP-CorV vaccine or the CoronaVac vaccine induced lower humoral immune responses in PLWH, having lower CD4+T cell counts (<350 cells/μL) compared to PLWH, and having higher CD4+T cell counts (≥350 cells/μL) after a second dose of vaccination. The BBIBP-CorV vaccine or the CoronaVac vaccine induced lower S-RBD-IgG antibody levels in PLWH, having CD4+T cell counts ≥350 cells/μL compared to HCs. No negative effects were observed in terms of the CD4+T cell counts and HIV RNA viral load (VL) of PLWH after vaccination. Ninety-nine PLWH and eighty-three HCs completed a second blood collection for testing; we found a statistically significant decrease in the humoral immune response both in PLWH and HCs from 28 days to 180 days after a second dose of BBIBP-CorV vaccine or CoronaVac vaccine. The S-RBD-IgG antibody induced by the BBIBP-CorV vaccine or the CoronaVac vaccine declined faster in the PLWH population than in the healthy population, and two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine or the CoronaVac vaccine may not be enough to provide PLWH with persistent immunity against SARS-CoV-2. It is necessary for PLWH to be prioritized for a third dose over the healthy population, but the immunogenicity of the third dose of the homologous or heterologous vaccine requires further study.
本研究的目的是在现实世界中初步评估新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗在艾滋病毒感染者中的免疫原性和免疫持久性。我们收集了132名年龄在18至59岁的艾滋病毒感染者的血样，这些感染者分别在第二剂疫苗接种后28±7天和180±20天接种了两剂BBIBP-CorV疫苗（国药集团）或科兴新冠疫苗（科兴生物），并使用化学发光法检测刺突蛋白受体结合域蛋白特异性IgG（S-RBD-IgG）水平。我们发现，与健康对照者相比，BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗在艾滋病毒感染者中诱导的S-RBD-IgG抗体血清阳性率和水平较低。BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗在艾滋病毒感染者中诱导的体液免疫反应较低，与艾滋病毒感染者相比，接种第二剂疫苗后CD4+T细胞计数较低（<350个细胞/μL），而CD4+T细胞计数较高（≥350个细胞/μL）。与健康对照者相比，BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗在CD4+T细胞计数≥350个细胞/μL的艾滋病毒感染者中诱导的S-RBD-IgG抗体水平较低。在艾滋病毒感染者接种疫苗后，未观察到CD4+T细胞计数和HIV RNA病毒载量（VL）的负面影响。99名艾滋病毒感染者和83名健康对照者完成了第二次血液采集检测；我们发现，在接种第二剂BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗后28天至180天，艾滋病毒感染者和健康对照者的体液免疫反应均有统计学意义的下降。BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗诱导的S-RBD-IgG抗体在艾滋病毒感染者群体中下降速度比健康人群更快，两剂BBIBP-CorV疫苗或科兴新冠疫苗可能不足以使艾滋病毒感染者获得针对新型冠状病毒的持久免疫力。与健康人群相比，艾滋病毒感染者有必要优先接种第三剂疫苗，但第三剂同源或异源疫苗的免疫原性需要进一步研究。
