Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China.
Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China.
Neuropeptides. 2022 Oct;95:102267. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102267. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
Agouti-related protein/neuropeptide Y (AgRP/NPY) neurons promote feeding, while proopiomelanocortin/cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (POMC/CART) neurons and melanocortin receptor neurons inhibit feeding; these three types of neurons play vital roles in regulating feeding. The central melanocortin system composed of these neurons is critical for the regulation of food intake and energy metabolism. It regulates energy intake and consumption by activating or inhibiting the activities of AgRP/NPY neurons and POMC/CART neurons and then affects the feeding behaviour of animals to maintain the energy balance. Meanwhile, organisms can also positively or negatively regulate energy homeostasis through the negative feedback of the neuron system. With further studies, understanding of the process and factors involved in the energy balance regulation of mammals and birds can be improved, which will provide a favourable scientific basis to reduce costs and improve meat production in production and breeding.
Agouti 相关蛋白/神经肽 Y（AgRP/NPY）神经元促进摄食，而前阿黑皮素原/可卡因和安非他命调节转录物（POMC/CART）神经元和黑色素皮质素受体神经元抑制摄食；这三种类型的神经元在调节摄食中发挥着重要作用。由这些神经元组成的中枢黑色素皮质素系统对于调节食物摄入和能量代谢至关重要。它通过激活或抑制 AgRP/NPY 神经元和 POMC/CART 神经元的活动来调节能量摄入和消耗，从而影响动物的进食行为以维持能量平衡。同时，生物体还可以通过神经元系统的负反馈来正向或负向调节能量平衡。随着进一步的研究，可以提高对哺乳动物和鸟类能量平衡调节过程和因素的理解，这将为降低生产成本和提高生产和繁殖中的肉类产量提供有利的科学依据。
