Hydrogen peroxide and peroxymonosulfate intensifying Fe-doped C-AlO-framework-based catalytic ozonation for advanced treatment of landfill leachate: Performance and mechanisms.

The biotreated effluent of landfill leachate still contains numerous refractory organic contaminants, which poses potential threats to human health and ecosystems. Influenced by landfill ages and other factors, the concentration of organic matter varies. Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) is a promising technology for advanced wastewater treatment. Aiming to achieve the up-to-standard discharge of low-concentration landfill leachate (COD ≈ 108 mg·L) and improve the biodegradability of high-concentration landfill leachate (COD ≈ 1720 mg·L), the active component Fe was incorporated into a firm Ni-induced C-AlO-framework (CAF) composite support to synthesize a Fe-CAF catalyst for efficient catalytic ozonation. When the Fe-CAF dosage was 4 g·L, the gas flow rate was 0.5 L·min, and the ozone concentration was 20.0 mg·L, the COD of low-concentration landfill leachate effluent decreased to 43 mg·L, and the COD removal rate constant of low-concentration landfill leachate was 154% higher than that of pure ozone. For high-concentration landfill leachate with the BOD/COD of 0.058, the COD removal efficiency in Fe-CAF/O increased from 39% to 57% compared with ozonation, and the effluent BOD/COD increased to 0.282. Furthermore, the addition of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) can further enhance the treatment performance of Fe-CAF/O process and different strengthening mechanisms were revealed. The results indicated that surface hydroxyls on the Fe-CAF catalyst surface were the main catalytic sites for ozone, and hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (O) were identified as the main reactive oxygen species for the removal of organics in landfill leachate. Adding HO can promote the generation of •OH for nonselective degradation of various organics, while PMS mainly enhanced the production of O to decompose macromolecular humus. This work highlighted an efficient Fe-CAF ozone catalyst and an innovative peroxide intensified HCO strategy for the advanced treatment of landfill leachate.