Yang Yunshan, Liu Guangzhou, Guo Xiaoxia, Liu Wanmao, Xue Jun, Ming Bo, Xie Ruizhi, Wang Keru, Hou Peng, Li Shaokun
The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 10;13:906060. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906060. eCollection 2022.
A quantitative understanding of the factors driving changes in grain filling is essential for effective prioritization of increasing maize yield. Grain filling is a significant stage in maize yield formation. Solar radiation is the energy source for grain filling, which is the ultimate driving factor for final grain weight and grain filling capacity that determine maize yield. Here, we first confirmed the quantitative relationships between grain filling parameters and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by conducting field experiments using different shading and plant density conditions and cultivars in 2019 and 2020 in Xinjiang, China. The results showed that with every 100 MJ m increase in PAR, the average grain filling rate ( ), maximum grain-filling rate ( ), and the kernel weight at the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( ) increased by 0.073 mg kernel day, 0.23 mg kernel day, and 0.24 mg kernel, and the time of maximum grain-filling rate ( ) delayed by 0.91 day. Relative changes in PAR were significantly and positively correlated with relative changes in yield and . With every 1% change in PAR, yield and changed by 1.16 and 0.17%, respectively. From the perspective of grain filling capacity, DH618 was a more shade-resistant cultivar than XY335 and ZD958. It is urgent to breed maize cultivars with low light tolerance and high grain yield in the face of climate change, particularly the decrease in solar radiation.
定量了解驱动籽粒灌浆变化的因素对于有效确定提高玉米产量的优先事项至关重要。籽粒灌浆是玉米产量形成的一个重要阶段。太阳辐射是籽粒灌浆的能量来源，是决定玉米产量的最终粒重和籽粒灌浆能力的最终驱动因素。在此，我们于2019年和2020年在中国新疆，通过使用不同遮荫、种植密度条件和品种进行田间试验，首次证实了籽粒灌浆参数与光合有效辐射（PAR）之间的定量关系。结果表明，PAR每增加100 MJ m，平均籽粒灌浆速率（ ）、最大籽粒灌浆速率（ ）以及最大籽粒灌浆速率时的粒重（ ）分别增加0.073 mg粒·天、0.23 mg粒·天和0.24 mg，最大籽粒灌浆速率出现的时间（ ）延迟0.91天。PAR的相对变化与产量和 的相对变化显著正相关。PAR每变化1%，产量和 分别变化1.16%和0.17%。从籽粒灌浆能力来看，DH618是比XY335和ZD958更耐荫的品种。面对气候变化，特别是太阳辐射减少的情况，培育耐弱光且高产的玉米品种迫在眉睫。
