Desthieux Gilles, Joerin Florent
Institut du Paysage, d'Architecture, de La Construction Et du Territoire (inPACT) Haute Ecole du Paysage, d'ingénierie Et d'architecture de Genève (HEPIA), Rue de la Prairie 4, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
Institut d'ingénierie du Territoire (INSIT) Haute Ecole d'Ingénierie Et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud (HEIG-VD), Route de Cheseaux 1, CH-1401 Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland.
J Environ Stud Sci. 2022;12(4):692-713. doi: 10.1007/s13412-022-00767-9. Epub 2022 Jun 18.
Recent years have been marked by a strong popular and political mobilization around climate change. However, to what extent does this mobilization lead to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or the vulnerability of our society to the effects of climate change? This question is at the heart of the research presented, which sought to identify the barriers and levers to the integration of climate issues into urban planning of Swiss cities. The literature review first situates the integration of climate change in Swiss cities in relation to the evolution of practices at the international level. It emerged that Swiss cities have generally been late in integrating climate issues into their public policies. Practices still focus strongly on energy policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but adaptation measures in urban planning are poorly implemented. In order to better understand the reasons for this slow and late integration of climate change into urban planning of Swiss cities, a survey was conducted among more than 200 professionals. It showed that the evolution of practices is generally driven by "pioneering" actors who are strongly mobilized by personal values and who use specialized and scientific sources of information. Finally, two focus groups with representative professionals were organized in order to deepen the barriers and levers observed and to formulate sound recommendations for integrating the climate issue into urban planning. Two lines of action emerged: prioritization (strengthening legal frameworks and organizational structures) and support (training and involvement of climate experts at all stages of urban planning).
近年来，围绕气候变化出现了强大的民众和政治动员。然而，这种动员在多大程度上导致了温室气体排放的减少或我们社会对气候变化影响的脆弱性的降低？这个问题是所呈现研究的核心，该研究旨在确定将气候问题纳入瑞士城市规划的障碍和推动因素。文献综述首先根据国际层面实践的演变情况，阐述了瑞士城市对气候变化的整合情况。结果表明，瑞士城市在将气候问题纳入其公共政策方面总体上滞后。实践仍然强烈侧重于旨在减少温室气体排放的能源政策，但城市规划中的适应措施实施不力。为了更好地理解将气候变化缓慢且滞后地纳入瑞士城市规划的原因，对200多名专业人员进行了一项调查。结果显示，实践的演变通常由“先锋”行为者推动，他们受到个人价值观的强烈驱动，并使用专业和科学的信息来源。最后，组织了两个由具有代表性的专业人员组成的焦点小组，以深入探讨所观察到的障碍和推动因素，并为将气候问题纳入城市规划制定合理建议。出现了两条行动路线：优先排序（加强法律框架和组织结构）和支持（在城市规划的各个阶段培训和让气候专家参与）。
