Porges Stephen W
Traumatic Stress Research Consortium at the Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2021 Jun 16;7:100069. doi: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100069. eCollection 2021 Aug.
A polyvagal perspective clarifies the neurobiological and biobehavioral shifts that occurred during evolutionary transition from asocial reptiles to social mammals. This transition enabled mammals, unlike their reptilian ancestors, to derive a biological benefit from social interactions. This innovation enabled social behavior to function as a neuromodulator that could efficiently regulate and optimize autonomic function to support homeostatic processes. This journey is highlighted by the phylogenetic transition during which the autonomic nervous system was repurposed to suppress defensive strategies to support and express sociality. The product of this transition was an autonomic nervous system with capacities to self-calm, to spontaneous socially engage others, and to mitigate threat reactions in ourselves and others through social cues. Thus, social behavior became embedded with specific neurobiological processes that had capabilities to support homeostatic functions leading to optimized health, growth, and restoration. Polyvagal Theory emphasizes sociality as the core process in mitigating threat reactions and supporting mental and physical health.
从副交感神经理论的角度可以阐明，在从非社会性爬行动物向社会性哺乳动物进化转变的过程中所发生的神经生物学和生物行为学变化。与它们的爬行动物祖先不同，这种转变使哺乳动物能够从社会互动中获得生物学益处。这一创新使社会行为能够作为一种神经调节剂，有效地调节和优化自主功能，以支持体内平衡过程。这一历程以系统发育转变为显著特征，在此期间，自主神经系统被重新利用，以抑制防御策略，从而支持和表现出社会性。这一转变的结果是形成了一种自主神经系统，它具有自我平静、自发地与他人进行社交互动，以及通过社会线索减轻自身和他人威胁反应的能力。因此，社会行为与特定的神经生物学过程紧密相连，这些过程能够支持体内平衡功能，从而实现最佳的健康、生长和恢复。副交感神经理论强调社会性是减轻威胁反应以及支持身心健康的核心过程。
