School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Reproductive Medicine Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Food Res Int. 2022 Jul;157:111465. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111465. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Smoking is a global public health event that can cause oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis and is related to the occurrence of diseases such as cancer and respiratory system disease. We previously found that fermented black barley was rich in antioxidative components such as polyphenols and flavonoids and regulated gut microbiota dysbiosis. In the present study, the protective effects of fermented black barley on cigarette smoke-induced damage, such as lung, reproduction organ injury, gut microbiota and metabolic dysbiosis, were investigated. Fermented black barley (100 μL/10 g·BW per day, containing 1 × 10 CFU/mL Lactobacillus) was administered orally to male ICR mice that were regularly exposed to cigarette smoke (one time a day, 15 cigarettes each time, 30 min/time). The intervention lasted continuously for 12 weeks. The results showed that compared to the group exposed only to cigarette smoke, fermented black barley treatment alleviated the pathological damage to lung and testis tissues and significantly increased the total sperm motility and antioxidative capacity of the lung. Fermented black barley also regulated the intestinal microbiome diversity; reduced the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Turicibacter and Bifidobacterium; and increased the relative abundances of Oscillospira and Ruminococcus at the genus level. Furthermore, the metabolic profile was investigated via analysis of the abundances of fecal and hepatic metabolites, and it was shown that fermented black barley treatment alleviated the metabolic dysbiosis of lipids, amino acids, and the biosynthesis of steroid hormones (such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, etc.) induced by cigarette smoking, which approached normal conditions. These regulatory effects may partially elucidate the beneficial role of fermented black barley in alleviating the harmful effects of cigarette smoking. In summary, supplementation with fermented cereal food may be a helpful way to ameliorate cigarette smoking-induced damage.
吸烟是一种全球性的公共卫生事件，可导致氧化应激和肠道微生物失调，并与癌症和呼吸系统疾病等疾病的发生有关。我们之前发现，发酵黑大麦富含多酚和类黄酮等抗氧化成分，并调节肠道微生物失调。在本研究中，研究了发酵黑大麦对香烟烟雾引起的损伤（如肺、生殖器官损伤、肠道微生物和代谢失调）的保护作用。将发酵黑大麦（100μL/10g·BW 每天一次，含 1×10 CFU/mL 乳酸菌）经口给予定期暴露于香烟烟雾（每天一次，每次 15 支，每次 30 分钟）的雄性 ICR 小鼠。干预持续进行 12 周。结果表明，与仅暴露于香烟烟雾的组相比，发酵黑大麦处理减轻了肺和睾丸组织的病理损伤，显著提高了肺的总精子活力和抗氧化能力。发酵黑大麦还调节了肠道微生物组的多样性；降低了乳酸菌、Turicibacter 和双歧杆菌的相对丰度；并增加了属水平的 Oscillospira 和 Ruminococcus 的相对丰度。此外，通过分析粪便和肝代谢物的丰度来研究代谢谱，表明发酵黑大麦处理减轻了香烟烟雾引起的脂质、氨基酸和类固醇激素生物合成（如脱氢表雄酮硫酸酯等）的代谢失调，接近正常情况。这些调节作用可能部分阐明了发酵黑大麦在缓解香烟烟雾有害作用方面的有益作用。总之，补充发酵谷物食品可能是一种有助于改善香烟烟雾引起的损伤的方法。
