Devarakonda Aditya K, Stumpe Tanner R, Saucier Ashley N, Riley Thaddeus
Family Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA.
Cureus. 2022 May 25;14(5):e25325. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25325. eCollection 2022 May.
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for causing the COVID-19 pandemic and over 4 million deaths globally. Clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic infection, viral syndrome, and pneumonia, to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), an acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy, may be a manifestation of infection and must be recognized quickly by clinicians to avoid neurological deterioration in these patients. Here, we present an interesting case of GBS in a patient with a previous COVID-19 infection. A 63-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, and recent COVID-19 infection just five weeks prior to the presentation without COVID-19 vaccination presented to a family medicine clinic due to a history of falls as well as lower extremity numbness, weakness, and paresthesias for the past 36 hours. The patient's MRI and lumbar puncture were unremarkable and the patient was transferred to a tertiary care center. The patient was diagnosed with GBS secondary to his COVID-19 infection five weeks prior. He received a standard five-dose regimen of 400 mg/kg/day of intravenous immunoglobulin and demonstrated rapid improvement in response to therapy. Temporal factors associated with disease such as the seemingly delayed onset of symptoms after COVID-19 viral infection in comparison to other cases of GBS, as well as the rapid progression of symptomatology, are of note. Healthcare providers should still consider GBS as a possibility in patients with a relatively distant history of COVID-19 infections. Rapid progression of symptoms should also be monitored as this may result in earlier respiratory morbidity and mortality in the absence of appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)导致了新冠疫情大流行,全球死亡人数超过400万。临床症状包括无症状感染、病毒综合征、肺炎以及急性呼吸窘迫综合征。吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)是一种急性脱髓鞘性炎性多发性神经病,可能是感染的一种表现,临床医生必须迅速识别,以避免这些患者出现神经功能恶化。在此,我们报告一例既往感染过新冠病毒的患者发生GBS的有趣病例。一名63岁男性,有高血压、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肥胖病史,在就诊前5周刚感染新冠病毒,未接种新冠疫苗,因有跌倒史以及过去36小时出现下肢麻木、无力和感觉异常,前往一家家庭医学诊所就诊。患者的磁共振成像(MRI)和腰椎穿刺检查无异常,随后被转至三级医疗中心。该患者被诊断为5周前新冠病毒感染继发的GBS。他接受了标准的五剂量方案,即每天静脉注射免疫球蛋白400mg/kg,并在治疗后迅速好转。与疾病相关的时间因素值得注意,比如与其他GBS病例相比,新冠病毒感染后症状出现似乎延迟,以及症状进展迅速。医疗保健人员仍应考虑到有相对久远新冠病毒感染史的患者发生GBS的可能性。还应监测症状的快速进展,因为在没有适当诊断和治疗的情况下,这可能导致更早出现呼吸并发症和死亡。