Amagliani G, Baldelli G, Italiano P, Frisina P, Schiavano G F, Brandi G, De Santi M
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino (PU), Italy.
Department of Humanities, University of Urbino"Carlo Bo", Urbino (PU), Italy.
Ann Ig. 2023 Mar-Apr;35(2):159-177. doi: 10.7416/ai.2022.2535. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
The rigorous isolation measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic seriously impacted children's lifestyles. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to collect and analyze information about physical activity habits of children and their parents during the social distancing period resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
An online questionnaire was administered to 363 families (507 children aged 5-13) recruited by convenience sampling, asking for physical activity type and frequency before, during, and after the lockdown period (9th March - May 3rd 2020), education, outdoor spaces, and children's weight gain perception.
Results show a remarkable decrease in children's physical activity during lockdown (88.9 vs 39.8% active children) associated with older age and low availability of outdoor spaces (p<0.001). Parents' physical activity was related to educational level, and a slight but significant correlation between parents' education and children's physical activity was found, especially with father's university degree (p<0.05). Active mothers significantly influenced children's physical activity during the lockdown, especially if not engaged in smart working. The return to an active lifestyle by children did not reach previous levels (75.9% active children) and was directly related to parent's physical activity. Finally, the risk of weight gain was lower in active children during the lockdown (OR = 0.46; p<0.001).
This work highlights the importance of physical activity during a pandemic event to prevent the risk of gaining weight, and underlines the relevance of the entire family system as a source of promotion of healthy behaviors in children.
由于新冠疫情实施的严格隔离措施严重影响了儿童的生活方式。开展了一项描述性横断面研究，以收集和分析在新冠疫情导致的社交距离期间儿童及其父母的体育活动习惯信息。
通过便利抽样招募了363个家庭（507名5至13岁儿童），对其进行在线问卷调查，询问封锁期（2020年3月9日至5月3日）之前、期间和之后的体育活动类型和频率、教育程度、户外空间以及儿童对体重增加的感知。
结果显示，封锁期间儿童的体育活动显著减少（活动儿童从88.9%降至39.8%），这与年龄较大和户外空间有限有关（p<0.001）。父母的体育活动与教育程度有关，并且发现父母教育程度与儿童体育活动之间存在轻微但显著的相关性，尤其是父亲拥有大学学位的情况（p<0.05）。活跃的母亲在封锁期间对儿童的体育活动有显著影响，特别是如果她们没有从事远程办公。儿童恢复到活跃的生活方式未达到之前的水平（活动儿童占75.9%），并且与父母的体育活动直接相关。最后，封锁期间活跃儿童体重增加的风险较低（OR = 0.46；p<0.001）。
这项研究强调了疫情期间体育活动对预防体重增加风险的重要性，并强调了整个家庭系统作为促进儿童健康行为来源的相关性。
