Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
J Hypertens. 2022 Jul 1;40(7):1352-1358. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003150.
The associations between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) are not consistent or based on case-control study design. We hypothesize that OFCs and NSOFCs are associated with hypertensive disease in pregnancy.
Data were collected from the Project for Neural Tube Defects Prevention (1993-1996), a large population-based cohort study conducted in two southern provinces of China. We used a system to record all births after 20 complete gestational weeks, including live births and stillbirths, and all structural congenital anomalies regardless of gestational week. A total of 200 215 singleton live births without other external birth defects were finally included.
The incidence of NSOFCs was 20.2 per 10 000 for the whole population, and 20.5 and 39.2 per 10 000 for women with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, respectively. Compared with the nonpreeclampsia group, preeclampsia was associated with an increased risk of NSOFCs [adjusted risk ratio (RR) = 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-3.20], cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) [adjusted RR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.37-3.65], and cleft lip and palate (CLP) [adjusted RR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.45-4.67] but not cleft lip only (CLO) [adjusted RR = 1.66, 95% CI 0.68-4.07] or cleft palate only (CPO) [adjusted RR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.27-4.45]. No associations were observed between gestational hypertension and any types of NSOFCs.
Our study supported that among hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, only preeclampsia increased the risk of NSOFCs and its subtypes (CL/P and CLP).
妊娠高血压疾病与非综合征性口面裂（NSOFCs）之间的关联尚不一致，也没有基于病例对照研究设计。我们假设口面裂和非综合征性口面裂与妊娠高血压疾病有关。
数据来自神经管缺陷预防项目（1993-1996 年），这是在中国两个南方省份进行的一项大型基于人群的队列研究。我们使用一个系统来记录所有 20 周完整妊娠后的分娩情况，包括活产和死产，以及所有结构先天性畸形，无论妊娠周数如何。最终共纳入 200215 例无其他外部出生缺陷的单胎活产儿。
整个人群 NSOFCs 的发病率为 20.2/10000，妊娠期高血压和子痫前期患者分别为 20.5/10000 和 39.2/10000。与非子痫前期组相比，子痫前期与 NSOFCs 的风险增加相关[校正风险比（RR）=2.02，95%置信区间（CI）：1.27-3.20]，唇裂伴或不伴腭裂（CL/P）[校正 RR=2.24，95%CI 1.37-3.65]和唇腭裂（CLP）[校正 RR=2.60，95%CI 1.45-4.67]，但不包括单纯唇裂（CLO）[校正 RR=1.66，95%CI 0.68-4.07]或单纯腭裂（CPO）[校正 RR=1.09，95%CI 0.27-4.45]。妊娠期高血压与任何类型的 NSOFCs 均无关联。
我们的研究支持在妊娠高血压疾病中，只有子痫前期增加了 NSOFCs 及其亚型（CL/P 和 CLP）的风险。
