Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
Department of Informatics, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan.
J Vis. 2022 Jun 1;22(7):8. doi: 10.1167/jov.22.7.8.
Color adaptation is a phenomenon in which, after prolonged exposure to a specific color (i.e. adaptation color), the perceived color shifts to approximately the opposite color direction of the adaptation color. Color adaptation is strongly related to sensitivity changes in photoreceptors, such as von Kries adaptation and cone-opponent mechanisms. On the other hand, the perceptual contrast of colors (e.g. perceptual saturation of the red-green direction) decreases after adaptation to a stimulus with spatial and/or temporal color modulation along the color direction. This phenomenon is referred to as color contrast adaptation. Color contrast adaptation has been used to investigate the representation of colors in the visual system. In the present study, we measured color perception after color contrast adaptation to stimuli with temporal color modulations along complicated color loci in a luminance-chromaticity plane. We found that, after the observers adapted to color modulations with different chromaticities at higher, medium, and lower luminance (e.g. temporal alternations among red, green, and red, each at a different luminance level), the chromaticity corresponding to perceptual achromaticity (the achromatic point) shifted to the same color direction as the adaptation chromaticity in each test stimulus luminance. In contrast, this luminance dependence of the achromatic point shift was not observed after adaptation to color modulations with more complex luminance-chromaticity correspondences (e.g. alternating red, green, red, green, and red, at five luminance levels, respectively). In addition, the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the luminance-dependent achromatic point shift was qualitatively predicted using a noncardinal model composed of channels preferring intermediate color directions between the cardinal chromaticity and luminance axes. These results suggest that the noncardinal channels are involved in the luminance-dependent perceived color shift after adaptation.
颜色适应是一种现象，即在长时间暴露于特定颜色（即适应颜色）后，感知颜色会向适应颜色的相反颜色方向移动。颜色适应与光感受器的敏感性变化密切相关，例如 von Kries 适应和锥体细胞对立机制。另一方面，在适应具有空间和/或时间颜色调制的刺激后，颜色的感知对比度（例如红-绿方向的感知饱和度）会降低。这种现象称为颜色对比适应。颜色对比适应已被用于研究视觉系统中颜色的表示。在本研究中，我们测量了在亮度-色度平面中沿着复杂颜色轨迹的时间颜色调制刺激后的颜色感知。我们发现，在观察者适应了具有不同色度的颜色调制后（例如，在不同亮度水平下的红色、绿色和红色之间的时间交替），与感知消色差（消色点）对应的色度向每个测试刺激亮度下的适应色度的相同颜色方向移动。相比之下，在适应具有更复杂的亮度-色度对应关系的颜色调制后（例如，分别在五个亮度水平下交替的红色、绿色、红色、绿色和红色），没有观察到这种消色点移动的亮度依赖性。此外，使用由中间颜色方向的通道组成的非基数模型（在基数色度和亮度轴之间）定性地预测了亮度依赖性消色点移动的发生或不发生。这些结果表明，非基数通道参与了适应后的亮度依赖性感知颜色变化。
