Zhou Kai, Chen Long, Qin Xiao-Qun, Xiang Yang, Qu Xiang-Ping, Liu Hui-Jun, Liu Chi
Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Functional Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2022 Jun 25;74(3):479-488.
Cell aging is an extremely complex process, which is characterized by mitochondrial structural dysfunction, telomere shortening, inflammatory microenvironment, protein homeostasis imbalance, epigenetic changes, abnormal DNA damage and repair, etc. Aging is usually accompanied by structural and functional damage of tissues and organs which further induces the occurrence and development of aging-related diseases. Aging includes physiological aging caused by increased age and pathological aging induced by a variety of factors. Noteworthy, as a target organ directly contacting with the outside air, lung is more prone to various stimuli, causing pathological premature aging which is lung aging. Studies have found that there is a certain proportion of senescent cells in the lungs of most chronic respiratory diseases. However, the underlying mechanism by which these senescent cells induce lung senescence and their role in chronic respiratory diseases is still obscure. This paper focuses on the causes and classification of lung aging, the internal mechanism of lung aging involved in chronic respiratory diseases, and the application of anti-aging treatments in chronic respiratory diseases. We hope to provide new research ideas and theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment in chronic respiratory diseases.
细胞衰老 是一个极其复杂的过程，其特征为线粒体结构功能障碍、端粒缩短、炎症微环境、蛋白质稳态失衡、表观遗传变化、DNA损伤及修复异常等。衰老通常伴随着组织和器官的结构及功能损伤，进而诱发衰老相关疾病的发生与发展。衰老包括因年龄增长引起的生理性衰老和由多种因素诱发的病理性衰老。值得注意的是，作为直接与外界空气接触的靶器官，肺更容易受到各种刺激，导致病理性早衰即肺衰老。研究发现，大多数慢性呼吸道疾病患者的肺中存在一定比例的衰老细胞。然而，这些衰老细胞诱导肺衰老的潜在机制及其在慢性呼吸道疾病中的作用仍不清楚。本文重点阐述肺衰老的原因及分类、慢性呼吸道疾病中肺衰老的内在机制以及抗衰老治疗在慢性呼吸道疾病中的应用。我们希望为慢性呼吸道疾病的临床防治提供新的研究思路和理论依据。
