Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
Adolescent Medicine facility, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2024 Jun;91(6):578-583. doi: 10.1007/s12098-022-04195-z. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
To assess the effect of macronutrient and micronutrient supplementation on body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb), CD4 count, triglyceride levels, and morbidity among adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) living in India.
A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 80 adolescents (10-19 y) with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for a minimum of 6 mo using simple randomization. Participants in the intervention arm received 400 kcal and 15 g protein as a powder daily and multivitamin tablets thrice weekly for 3 mo. Those in the placebo arm received a similar-appearing sachet containing 100 kcal and 2 g protein daily and a placebo tablet thrice weekly. Weight, height, BMI, Hb, CD4 count, triglycerides, and number of intercurrent illnesses were measured at 3 and 6 mo.
At 6 mo, the intervention group showed an increase in weight from 36.4 ± 10.9 kg to 39.7 ± 8.5 kg and a significant increase in BMI from 16.6 ± 2.3 kg/m to 17.5 ± 2.3 kg/m. Increase in CD4 count in the placebo arm was more than that in the intervention arm, but the difference between the arms was not statistically significant. Intervention group showed a pronounced rise in Hb from 9.7 ± 2.3 g/dL to 11.4 ± 1.6 g/dL, significant reduction in triglyceride levels from 99.2 ± 92.7 mg/dL to 81.0 ± 12.8 mg/dL and reduction in intercurrent illnesses from 32.5% to none.
Nutritional supplementation of adolescents with HIV on HAART improves BMI, hemoglobin, and reduces triglyceride levels and intercurrent illnesses.
评估宏量营养素和微量营养素补充对印度艾滋病毒（HIV）青少年体重指数（BMI）、血红蛋白（Hb）、CD4 计数、甘油三酯水平和发病率的影响。
采用前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，对 80 名接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）至少 6 个月的青少年（10-19 岁）进行研究，采用简单随机分组。干预组的参与者每天服用 400 卡路里和 15 克蛋白质的粉末，每周服用三次多种维生素片，持续 3 个月。对照组的参与者每天服用类似外观的包含 100 卡路里和 2 克蛋白质的小袋，每周服用三次安慰剂片。在 3 个月和 6 个月时测量体重、身高、BMI、Hb、CD4 计数、甘油三酯和并发疾病的数量。
在 6 个月时，干预组的体重从 36.4±10.9kg 增加到 39.7±8.5kg，BMI 从 16.6±2.3kg/m 增加到 17.5±2.3kg/m，显著增加。安慰剂组的 CD4 计数增加幅度大于干预组，但两组之间的差异无统计学意义。干预组的 Hb 从 9.7±2.3g/dL 显著增加到 11.4±1.6g/dL，甘油三酯水平从 99.2±92.7mg/dL 显著降低到 81.0±12.8mg/dL，并发疾病从 32.5%减少到无。
对接受 HAART 的 HIV 青少年进行营养补充可以改善 BMI、血红蛋白，降低甘油三酯水平和并发疾病。
