Schmid Robin Michael, Steiner Adrian, Becker Jens, Baumberger Sandra, Dürr Salome, Alsaaod Maher
Clinic for Ruminants, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Veterinary Public Health Institute, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jun 13;9:812638. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.812638. eCollection 2022.
A national control program for virulent footrot is currently planned in Switzerland. Since commonly used disinfectants either contain heavy metals or are carcinogenic, the aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of an eco-friendly and non-carcinogenic candidate disinfectant against -positive strains of . Additionally, the effect of the selective use of long-acting oxytetracyclines was evaluated. A total of 18 farms with confirmed footrot infection, randomly allocated to two treatment groups: (1) with antibiotics (AB; = 9) and, (2) no antibiotics (NAB; = 9), were included. Claws were carefully trimmed and scored using a scale from 0 (clinically healthy) to 5 (complete loss of the horn capsule) and a prewash waterbath was implemented on 11 farms. Twice-weekly, repeated whole-flock stand-in footbaths with the candidate disinfectant (6%) were performed. Additionally, animals of group AB with a score ≥ 3 were administered oxytetracyclines by injection. On all farms, 10 days after last treatment, -positive strains could not be detected by risk-based sampling for real-time PCR analysis after 7-21 (median = 12) footbaths with a minimal culling rate of non-responders on nine farms. Farms without contact to other sheep remained without clinical signs of footrot for a minimum of 245 days (mean ± standard deviation: 293.6 ± 23.6). Antibiotic treatment did not reduce the number of footbaths needed. In contrast, a mean of 3.3 disinfecting footbaths could be saved by implementing a prewash waterbath. At animal level, individual and selective use of oxytetracyclines lead to a higher chance (odds ratio = 9.95; 95% CI: 3.54-27.95; < 0.001) for a lesion score ≥ 3 to improve to a lesion score < 3 within 2 weeks compared to treatment without antibiotics. The test disinfectant is an effective and eco-friendly alternative for the planned Swiss footrot control program and selective use of oxytetracycline has a beneficial impact on the recovery of animals with lesion scores ≥ 3.
瑞士目前正在规划一项针对烈性足腐病的国家防控计划。由于常用消毒剂要么含有重金属，要么具有致癌性，本研究的目的是验证一种环保且无致癌性的候选消毒剂对[具体病原体]阳性菌株的有效性。此外，还评估了选择性使用长效土霉素的效果。共有18个确诊患有足腐病感染的农场，随机分为两个治疗组：（1）使用抗生素组（AB；n = 9）和（2）不使用抗生素组（NAB；n = 9）。小心修剪羊蹄并使用从0（临床健康）到5（角质蹄匣完全脱落）的量表进行评分，11个农场进行了预洗水浴。每周两次，使用候选消毒剂（6%）对全群羊进行重复的站立式蹄浴。此外，AB组中评分≥3的动物通过注射给予土霉素。在所有农场，最后一次治疗10天后，在9个农场对无反应者进行最低淘汰率的情况下，经过7 - 21次（中位数 = 12次）蹄浴后，通过基于风险的采样进行实时PCR分析未检测到[具体病原体]阳性菌株。与其他绵羊无接触的农场至少245天没有足腐病的临床症状（平均值±标准差：293.6±23.6）。抗生素治疗并未减少所需的蹄浴次数。相比之下，通过实施预洗水浴平均可节省3.3次消毒蹄浴。在动物层面，与不使用抗生素治疗相比，个体和选择性使用土霉素使病变评分≥3的情况在2周内改善至病变评分<3的几率更高（优势比 = 9.95；95%置信区间：3.54 - 27.95；P < 0.001）。该测试消毒剂是计划中的瑞士足腐病防控计划的一种有效且环保的替代品，选择性使用土霉素对病变评分≥3的动物的恢复有有益影响。
