Gelasakis Athanasios I, Kalogianni Aphrodite I, Bossis Ioannis
Laboratory of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75 str., GR 11855, Athens, Greece.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Jul 31;9(8):509. doi: 10.3390/ani9080509.
During the last twenty years, considerable research efforts have recognized the consequences of foot-related lameness primarily in cattle, and meat and wool sheep. Despite the lack of extensive epidemiological studies, field observations and isolated research reports in dairy sheep have suggested that the problem might be more severe in semi-intensive and intensive farming systems. Footrot, contagious ovine digital dermatitis, ovine interdigital dermatitis, white line disease, and pedal joint abscess are the most common causes of foot-related lameness. , , spp., and are the most significant foot-related lameness-associated pathogens. Despite a documented hereditary predisposition, environmental factors are the most important in determining the occurrence of foot-related lameness. Moist and warm environment, increased parity and milk yield, inappropriate housing conditions and infrastructures, inadequate hygiene status, imbalanced nutrition, and insufficient foot care are the most critical risk factors. Furthermore, a foot-lameness control plan should include targeted implementation of claw trimming and footbathing, evidence-based planning of hygiene measures in preventive veterinary practices (i.e., antibiotic administration, vaccinations against footrot), selective breeding to footrot resistance, and, most importantly, the continuous training of farming personnel. Controlling foot-lameness in dairy sheep is critical in determining the well-being of animals, and strongly affects the farm's profitability and sustainability.
在过去二十年中，大量研究工作已认识到主要在牛、肉羊和毛用羊中与足部相关跛行的后果。尽管缺乏广泛的流行病学研究，但在奶羊方面的实地观察和个别研究报告表明，在半集约化和集约化养殖系统中，该问题可能更为严重。腐蹄病、传染性羊趾间皮炎、羊趾间皮炎、白线病和跗关节脓肿是与足部相关跛行的最常见原因。 、 、 spp.和 是与足部相关跛行最主要的相关病原体。尽管有文献记载存在遗传易感性，但环境因素在决定与足部相关跛行的发生方面最为重要。潮湿温暖的环境、胎次增加和产奶量提高、不适当的住房条件和基础设施、卫生状况不佳、营养不均衡以及足部护理不足是最关键的风险因素。此外，足部跛行控制计划应包括有针对性地实施蹄修剪和足浴、在预防性兽医实践中基于证据制定卫生措施计划（即抗生素给药、抗腐蹄病疫苗接种）、选育抗腐蹄病品种，以及最重要的是持续培训养殖人员。控制奶羊的足部跛行对于确定动物的健康状况至关重要，并强烈影响农场的盈利能力和可持续性。
