İşler Ayşe Mine, Yıldırım Buğra
Department of Social Work, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Süleymanpaşa, Turkey.
Department of Social Work, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care. 2023 Jan-Mar;19(1):53-83. doi: 10.1080/15524256.2022.2094524. Epub 2022 Jul 1.
In the context of end-of-life practices in Turkey, the researchers considered it important to reveal the need for hospice care in Turkey since the number of palliative care units is low and they do not meet the needs, hospice care services are absent, and intensive care units are misused in parallel with these deficiencies. The researchers addressed the subject with a phenomenological qualitative approach. The views of healthcare professionals and patient relatives who cared for terminal cancer patients. In the context of the environment of death preferences were of interest. The study was conducted in the city center of Manisa, one of the 30 metropolitan cities located in the western region of Turkey. Of the 23 participants, 18 were healthcare professionals working in the field of oncology, and five participants were primary caregivers who lost their loved ones with terminal cancer. The caregiver family members were the family members who provided care to the terminal cancer patient with their own means at home and accompanied the patient's treatment process, since there was no hospice care. A semi-structured interview guide was utilized for the in-depth interviews. Data were transcribed by the researchers and coded in MAXQDA 2020, subjected to thematic analysis, and divided into units of meaning. At the final stage of the study, the units of meaning were combined, and four basic themes were revealed: the conceptualization of the environment of death preferences, the problems caused by death in the hospital, the necessity of hospice care, and hospice care for caregivers. The study results demonstrated that hospice care was an essential need in Turkey, and the workload of hospitals would decrease, and hospital resources could be used efficiently in the presence of hospices. At the same time, it was understood that hospices were services making it easier for terminal cancer patients and their caregivers to face death with peaceful expectations.
在土耳其临终关怀实践的背景下，研究人员认为揭示土耳其对临终关怀的需求很重要，因为姑息治疗单位数量较少且无法满足需求，临终关怀服务缺失，同时这些不足导致重症监护病房被滥用。研究人员采用现象学定性方法探讨了这一主题。研究关注了照顾晚期癌症患者的医护人员和患者亲属的观点，以及死亡偏好环境的相关情况。该研究在土耳其西部的30个大城市之一马尼萨的市中心进行。23名参与者中，18名是肿瘤学领域的医护人员，5名参与者是失去了因晚期癌症去世亲人的主要照顾者。由于没有临终关怀服务，照顾者家庭成员是那些在家中用自己的方式照顾晚期癌症患者并陪伴患者治疗过程的家庭成员。研究采用了半结构化访谈指南进行深入访谈。研究人员对数据进行转录，并在MAXQDA 2020中进行编码，进行主题分析，然后划分成意义单元。在研究的最后阶段，将意义单元进行整合，揭示了四个基本主题：死亡偏好环境的概念化、在医院死亡所带来的问题、临终关怀的必要性以及对照顾者的临终关怀。研究结果表明，临终关怀在土耳其是一项基本需求，有了临终关怀，医院的工作量将会减少，医院资源能够得到有效利用。同时，可以理解的是，临终关怀服务能让晚期癌症患者及其照顾者更从容地面对死亡。
