Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants - LEEP, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants - LEEP, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (CEUNES/DCAB), São Mateus, Espírito Santo, 29932-540, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Sep 15;318:115588. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115588. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
Second-growth forests (SGF) are critical components for limiting biodiversity loss and climate change mitigation. However, these forests were established after anthropic disturbances such as land use for planting, and in highly human-modified landscapes. These interventions can decrease the ability of biological communities to recover naturally, and it is necessary to understand how multiple drivers, from local scale to landscape scale influence the diversity and carbon stock of these forests in natural regeneration. For this, we used data from 37 SGF growing on areas previously used for eucalyptus plantations in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, after the last cut cycle. For each SGF, the forest tree species diversity was calculated based on the Hills number, and we also calculated the above-ground carbon stock. Then, we evaluated the influence of multiple environmental factors on these indexes: soil properties, past-management intensity, patch configuration, and landscape composition. Little influence of soil properties was found, only soil fertility negatively influenced above-ground carbon stock. However, past-management intensity negatively influenced tree species diversity and carbon stock. The isolation of other forests and tree species propagules source distance (>500 ha) also negatively influenced the diversity of species. This is probably due to the favoring of tree pioneer species in highly human-modified landscapes because they are more tolerant of environmental changes, less dependent on animal dispersal, and have low carbon stock capacity. Thus, areas with higher past-management intensity and more isolated areas are less effective for passive restoration and may require intervention to recover tree diversity and carbon stock in the Atlantic Forest. The approach, which had not yet been applied in the Atlantic Forest, brought similar results to that found in other forests, and serves as a theoretical basis for choosing priority areas for passive restoration in the biome.
次生林（SGF）是限制生物多样性丧失和减缓气候变化的关键组成部分。然而，这些森林是在人为干扰（如种植土地利用）和高度人为改造的景观之后建立的。这些干预措施可能会降低生物群落自然恢复的能力，因此有必要了解从局部尺度到景观尺度的多种驱动因素如何影响这些森林在自然再生中的多样性和碳储量。为此，我们使用了巴西大西洋森林中先前用于桉树种植的地区上 37 个次生林的数据，这些地区在上一次砍伐周期之后正在生长。对于每个 SGF，根据 Hills 数计算森林树种多样性，我们还计算了地上碳储量。然后，我们评估了多种环境因素对这些指标的影响：土壤特性、过去管理强度、斑块配置和景观组成。发现土壤特性的影响很小，只有土壤肥力对地上碳储量有负面影响。然而，过去管理强度对树种多样性和碳储量有负面影响。其他森林的隔离和树种繁殖体来源的距离（>500 公顷）也对物种多样性产生负面影响。这可能是由于在高度人为改造的景观中，更有利于先锋树种，因为它们对环境变化更具耐受性，对动物传播的依赖性较低，并且碳储量能力较低。因此，过去管理强度较高和隔离度较高的区域对于被动恢复效果较差，可能需要干预才能恢复大西洋森林中的树种多样性和碳储量。这种方法尚未在大西洋森林中应用，但与其他森林的结果相似，为选择该生物群落的被动恢复优先区域提供了理论依据。
