Department of Geography, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India.
Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Biosoc Sci. 2023 Jul;55(4):735-754. doi: 10.1017/S0021932022000256. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
Short Birth Interval (SBI) is one of the main causes of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. A 33-month birth-to-birth interval between two successive live births should be followed to minimize the risk of adverse maternal and child health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of SBI and the associated factors in rural India. Information on 98,522 rural mothers from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey data was analyzed. Bivariate statistics, logistic regression, Moran's , and Cluster and Outlier Analysis have been used to assess the prevalence and spatial pattern of SBI in rural India. Results revealed that about half of the mothers in rural India had experienced SBI. Rural Indian mothers whose child was not alive (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.63-1.90), were not using any contraceptive methods (OR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.37-1.48) and not breastfeeding (OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 2.50-2.97) were more likely to experience SBI. On the other hand, rural mothers from the middle, richer and richest wealth quintiles (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.86-0.97; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.80-0.92; OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.55-0.66) and of age over 30 years (OR = 0.38., 95% CI = 0.36-0.39) were less likely to experience SBI. Analysis of spatial patterns revealed clear east-west differences in the prevalence of SBI. There was strong clustering of high values of SBI in most districts across the central, northern, western, and southern regions. The study suggests the need to introduce appropriate interventions and programs focused on reducing the prevalence of SBI in rural India.
短生育间隔（SBI）是母婴健康不良结局的主要原因之一。两次连续活产之间应保持 33 个月的生育间隔，以最大限度降低母婴健康不良的风险。本研究旨在探讨印度农村 SBI 的流行情况及其相关因素。对第四次国家家庭健康调查数据中 98522 名农村母亲的信息进行了分析。采用双变量统计、逻辑回归、莫兰指数、聚类和异常值分析来评估印度农村 SBI 的流行情况和空间格局。结果表明，印度农村约有一半的母亲经历过 SBI。农村印度母亲，如果其孩子已经死亡（OR=1.76，95%CI=1.63-1.90）、不使用任何避孕方法（OR=1.42，95%CI=1.37-1.48）或不进行母乳喂养（OR=2.73，95%CI=2.50-2.97），则更有可能经历 SBI。另一方面，来自中、较富裕和最富裕财富五分位数（OR=0.91，95%CI=0.86-0.97；OR=0.84，95%CI=0.80-0.92；OR=0.60，95%CI=0.55-0.66）和年龄超过 30 岁（OR=0.38，95%CI=0.36-0.39）的农村母亲不太可能经历 SBI。空间模式分析显示 SBI 的流行存在明显的东西差异。在中部、北部、西部和南部地区的大多数地区，SBI 的高值存在强烈的聚类现象。该研究表明，需要在印度农村引入适当的干预措施和方案，以降低 SBI 的流行率。
