Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Infant Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Inflammation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Neurochem Int. 2022 Sep;158:105384. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105384. Epub 2022 Jul 1.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of treadmill maternal exercise on alterations induced by prenatal stress in neonatal mice. Female and male Balb/c mice were divided into five groups: control (CON), prenatal restraint stress (PNS), prenatal restraint stress and physical exercise before pregnancy (PNS + EX1), prenatal restraint stress and physical exercise during pregnancy (PNS + EX2), and prenatal restraint stress and physical exercise before and during pregnancy (PNS + EX3). Exercise was performed using a treadmill, at a speed of 10 m/min, for 60 min, 5 days a week. Maternal behavior was assessed on days 3, 4 and 5 postpartum (PPD). Placental gene expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (5HTR), and corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) were analyzed. In neonatal mice, the gene expression of GR, mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), CRHR1, 5HTr1, oxytocin Receptor 1 (OXTr1), tropomyosin related kinase B (TRκB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor exon I (BDNF I), and BDNF IV was analyzed in the brain (PND0) and hippocampus (PND10). Maternal exercise improved (p < 0.05) maternal care. In the placenta, maternal exercise prevented (p < 0.01) the increase in GR expression caused by PNS. In the brain from PND0, exercise before pregnancy prevented (p = 0.002) the decreased CRHR1 expression promoted by PNS. In the hippocampus of PND10 males, PNS decreased (p = 0.0005) GR expression, and exercise before pregnancy prevented (p = 0.003) this effect. In PND10 females, maternal exercise prevented (p < 0.05) the PNS-induced increase in MR expression. PNS + EX2 males showed increased (p < 0.01) BDNF I gene expression and PNS + EX1 females demonstrated increased (p = 0.03) BDNF IV expression. In conclusion, maternal physical exercise may play a role in modulating maternal-fetal health and may contribute to preventing neurodevelopmental changes induced by prenatal stress.
本研究旨在评估跑步机母体运动对产前应激引起的新生小鼠变化的影响。雌性和雄性 Balb/c 小鼠被分为五组：对照组（CON）、产前束缚应激（PNS）、产前束缚应激和妊娠前体力活动（PNS+EX1）、产前束缚应激和妊娠期间体力活动（PNS+EX2）以及产前束缚应激和妊娠前和妊娠期间体力活动（PNS+EX3）。运动是在速度为 10m/min 的跑步机上进行的，每周 5 天，每次 60 分钟。产后第 3、4 和 5 天（PPD）评估母体行为。分析胎盘糖皮质激素受体（GR）、11-β-羟类固醇脱氢酶 2（11β-HSD2）、5-羟色胺受体 1A（5HTR）和促肾上腺皮质释放激素受体 1（CRHR1）的基因表达。在新生小鼠中，分析了大脑（PND0）和海马（PND10）中 GR、盐皮质激素受体（MR）、CRHR1、5HTr1、催产素受体 1（OXTr1）、原肌球蛋白相关激酶 B（TRκB）、脑源性神经营养因子外显子 I（BDNF I）和 BDNF IV 的基因表达。母体运动改善了（p<0.05）母体护理。在胎盘上，母体运动防止了 PNS 引起的 GR 表达增加（p<0.01）。在 PND0 的大脑中，妊娠前的运动防止了 PNS 促进的 CRHR1 表达降低（p=0.002）。在 PND10 雄性海马中，PNS 降低了（p=0.0005）GR 表达，而妊娠前的运动防止了这种作用（p=0.003）。在 PND10 雌性中，母体运动防止了 PNS 诱导的 MR 表达增加。PNS+EX2 雄性表现出 BDNF I 基因表达增加（p<0.01），而 PNS+EX1 雌性表现出 BDNF IV 表达增加（p=0.03）。总之，母体体力活动可能在调节母婴健康方面发挥作用，并有助于预防产前应激引起的神经发育变化。
