International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, Masaryk University, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; BioVendor R&D, Brno, Czech Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Oct 20;844:157114. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157114. Epub 2022 Jul 3.
Although the link between microbial infections and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been demonstrated in multiple studies, the involvement of pathogens in the development of AD remains unclear. Here, we investigated the frequency of the 10 most commonly cited viral (HSV-1, EBV, HHV-6, HHV-7, and CMV) and bacterial (Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema spp.) pathogens in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissues of AD patients. We have used an in-house multiplex PCR kit for simultaneous detection of five bacterial and five viral pathogens in serum and CSF samples from 50 AD patients and 53 healthy controls (CTRL). We observed a significantly higher frequency rate of AD patients who tested positive for Treponema spp. compared to controls (AD: 62.2 %; CTRL: 30.3 %; p-value = 0.007). Furthermore, we confirmed a significantly higher occurrence of cases with two or more simultaneous infections in AD patients compared to controls (AD: 24 %; CTRL 7.5 %; p-value = 0.029). The studied pathogens were detected with comparable frequency in serum and CSF. In contrast, Borrelia burgdorferi, human herpesvirus 7, and human cytomegalovirus were not detected in any of the studied samples. This study provides further evidence of the association between microbial infections and AD and shows that paralleled analysis of multiple sample specimens provides complementary information and is advisable for future studies.
虽然多项研究已经证实了微生物感染与阿尔茨海默病（AD）之间的联系，但病原体在 AD 发展中的作用仍不清楚。在这里，我们研究了 10 种最常被引用的病毒（HSV-1、EBV、HHV-6、HHV-7 和 CMV）和细菌（肺炎衣原体、幽门螺杆菌、伯氏疏螺旋体、牙龈卟啉单胞菌和密螺旋体属）病原体在 AD 患者血清、脑脊液（CSF）和脑组织中的频率。我们使用内部多重 PCR 试剂盒同时检测 50 名 AD 患者和 53 名健康对照者（CTRL）血清和 CSF 样本中的五种细菌和五种病毒病原体。我们观察到，与对照组相比，检测出密螺旋体属阳性的 AD 患者的频率明显更高（AD：62.2%；CTRL：30.3%；p 值=0.007）。此外，我们还证实，与对照组相比，AD 患者同时发生两种或两种以上感染的病例明显更多（AD：24%；CTRL：7.5%；p 值=0.029）。在血清和 CSF 中以可比的频率检测到研究中的病原体。相比之下，在任何研究样本中均未检测到伯氏疏螺旋体、人类疱疹病毒 7 和人类巨细胞病毒。本研究进一步提供了微生物感染与 AD 之间关联的证据，并表明对多个样本的平行分析提供了互补信息，对未来的研究是明智的。
