Pereira Mariana Berwerth, Casagrande Amanda Victoria, Almeida Beatriz Cantieri, Neves Beatriz Astolfi, da Silva Thamires Clair Rodrigues Pereira, Miskulin Fabricio Petermann Choueiri, Perissotto Thais, Ribeiz Salma Rose Imanari, Nunes Paula Villela
Internal Medicine Department, Jundiai Medical School, Jundiai, SP Brazil.
Psychiatry Institute, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Med Sci Educ. 2022 Jun 29;32(4):873-881. doi: 10.1007/s40670-022-01580-3. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Very few studies prospectively analyzed medical students' mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate mental health in medical students in 2018, 2019, and 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.
All students from first to fourth year were invited to participate in 2018. These students were also invited to participate in the same period in 2019 and 2020 (during the peak of the COVID-19 lockdown). The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), created by the WHO to investigate 20 nonpsychotic psychiatric symptoms, was used to evaluate common mental disorders. The cut-off for relevant symptom severity for mental distress is seven (SRQ-20 ≥ 7).
In the years 2018, 2019, and 2020, a total of 860 SRQ-20 questionnaires were completed. Overall, mean SRQ-20 scores were 8.2 ± 4.6, and SRQ-20 ≥ 7 frequency was 60.5%. When comparing the years 2018, 2019, and 2020, no differences were found for either SRQ-20 scores (8.4 ± 4.7, 8.2 ± 4.6, and 7.8 ± 4.4, respectively; = 0.351) or SRQ-20 ≥ 7 frequency (62.2%, 60.9%, and 59.2%, respectively; = 0.762).
In contrast to our initial hypothesis, stable results on mental health measures were found even during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown. Maintenance of daily routines through distance learning and the continuation of adapted clerkship activities with strict safety measures could have contributed to these results. However, this study points to high overall levels of common mental disorders, especially among women. Further studies should be conducted to understand all the factors responsible for such stability, such as social and economic support, resilience, or even previous high levels of common mental disorders.
极少有研究对新冠疫情之前及期间医学生的心理健康进行前瞻性分析。本研究旨在对2018年、2019年和2020年新冠疫情封锁期间医学生的心理健康进行前瞻性评估。
2018年邀请了所有大一至大四的学生参与。这些学生在2019年和2020年同期（新冠疫情封锁高峰期）也被邀请参与。由世界卫生组织编制的用于调查20种非精神病性精神症状的自评问卷（SRQ - 20）被用于评估常见精神障碍。精神痛苦相关症状严重程度的临界值为7分（SRQ - 20≥7）。
在2018年、2019年和2020年，共完成了860份SRQ - 20问卷。总体而言，SRQ - 20的平均得分是8.2±4.6，SRQ - 20≥7的频率为60.5%。比较2018年、2019年和2020年，SRQ - 20得分（分别为8.4±4.7、8.2±4.6和7.8±4.4；P = 0.351）或SRQ - 20≥7的频率（分别为62.2%、60.9%和59.2%；P = 0.762）均未发现差异。
与我们最初的假设相反，即使在2020年新冠疫情封锁期间，心理健康指标的结果也是稳定的。通过远程学习维持日常活动以及在严格安全措施下继续开展适应性临床实习活动可能促成了这些结果。然而，本研究指出常见精神障碍的总体水平较高，尤其是在女性中。应开展进一步研究以了解导致这种稳定性的所有因素，如社会和经济支持、心理韧性，甚至是既往较高的常见精神障碍水平。
