Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan;
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.
Anticancer Res. 2022 Jul;42(7):3717-3724. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15861.
BACKGROUND/AIM: An association between leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) and cancer has been previously reported, but the relationship between LTRA use and cancer prevention remains controversial. This study aimed to clarify the cancer-preventive effect of LTRA in Japanese patients with bronchial asthma.
We obtained information from a large populationbased medical information database to analyze data on patients who were newly diagnosed with bronchial asthma between 2006 and 2015. Eligible participants were patients who were prescribed an LTRA for at least 30 days (LTRA users) and those who were not using LTRA (LTRA non-users) during the objective period. LTRA users and LTRA non-users were matched 1:1 using propensity scores.
The 1:1 propensity score matching of LTRA users and LTRA nonusers facilitated the inclusion of 3,744 participants each, in these two subgroups. The results of the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for covariates showed no significant difference in the cancer risk between LTRA users and non-users [adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.59-1.16]. The subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the cancer risk between the LTRA low-cumulative dose group and LTRA non-users, or between the LTRA medium-cumulative dose group and LTRA non-users. In contrast, the LTRA high-cumulative dose group had a significantly lower risk of developing cancer compared with LTRA non-users (adjusted HR=0.57, 95% CI=0.33-0.98).
LTRA use may prevent cancer in patients with bronchial asthma.
背景/目的：先前已有报道称白三烯受体拮抗剂（LTRA）与癌症之间存在关联，但 LTRA 应用与癌症预防之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在阐明 LTRA 在日本支气管哮喘患者中的癌症预防作用。
我们从一个大型基于人群的医疗信息数据库中获取信息，以分析 2006 年至 2015 年间新诊断为支气管哮喘的患者的数据。合格的参与者为至少连续 30 天使用 LTRA（LTRA 使用者）或在研究期间未使用 LTRA（LTRA 未使用者）的患者。通过倾向评分对 LTRA 使用者和 LTRA 未使用者进行 1:1 匹配。
对 LTRA 使用者和 LTRA 未使用者进行 1:1 倾向评分匹配后，每组纳入了 3744 名患者。在调整协变量后，Cox 比例风险模型的结果显示，LTRA 使用者和未使用者之间的癌症风险无显著差异[调整后的风险比（HR）=0.83，95%置信区间（CI）=0.59-1.16]。亚组分析显示，LTRA 低累积剂量组与 LTRA 未使用者之间，或 LTRA 中累积剂量组与 LTRA 未使用者之间，癌症风险均无显著差异。相比之下，LTRA 高累积剂量组的癌症发病风险明显低于 LTRA 未使用者（调整后的 HR=0.57，95% CI=0.33-0.98）。
LTRA 应用可能预防支气管哮喘患者的癌症发生。
