From the Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Qingdao, China.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2022 Jun;20(6):558-563. doi: 10.6002/ect.2022.0087.
Malignancy is a common cause of death in renal transplant patients. The aim of this study was to investigate incidence, risk factors, and survival rates associated with posttransplant malignancy in kidney transplant recipients.
Between January 2015 and December 2020, 1154 patients underwent kidney transplant at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Patients with a history of malignancy or other organ transplant(liver, pancreas, heart, orlungs) were excluded from this study. Patients with incomplete follow-up records were also excluded. Ultimately, our study comprised 811 kidney transplant recipients. The patient characteristics and incidence, type, and risk factors associated with posttransplant malignancy were examined. We also analyzed the overall survival of recipients with posttransplant malignancy.
A total of 811 renal transplant recipients were followed up, with a median follow-up period of 3.0 years. Fourteen kidney recipients developed posttransplant malignancy (1.7%), with a mean time to malignancy diagnosis of 2.7 years. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.7% and 91.7%, respectively, in recipients with malignancy and 99.2% and 98.8%, respectively, in recipients without malignancy. The overall survival rate was significantly higher in recipients without malignancy than in those with malignancy (P = .03). Female sex, older recipient age, and history of prior kidney transplant were significant predictors of malignancy development.
Postoperative malignancy in kidney transplantrecipients was associated with lower overall survival rates. Malignancy screening is important for kidney transplant patients, especially for older women and patients with a history of prior kidney transplant.
恶性肿瘤是肾移植患者死亡的常见原因。本研究旨在探讨肾移植受者移植后恶性肿瘤的发病率、危险因素和生存率。
2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月，在青岛大学附属医院接受肾移植的 1154 例患者。本研究排除了有恶性肿瘤或其他器官移植（肝、胰、心或肺）病史的患者。还排除了随访记录不完整的患者。最终，我们的研究包括 811 例肾移植受者。检查了患者特征以及与移植后恶性肿瘤相关的发病率、类型和危险因素。我们还分析了移植后恶性肿瘤受者的总生存率。
对 811 例肾移植受者进行了随访，中位随访时间为 3.0 年。14 例肾移植受者发生移植后恶性肿瘤（1.7%），平均诊断为恶性肿瘤的时间为 2.7 年。有恶性肿瘤的受者 3 年和 5 年总生存率分别为 91.7%和 91.7%，无恶性肿瘤的受者分别为 99.2%和 98.8%。无恶性肿瘤的受者总生存率明显高于有恶性肿瘤的受者（P=0.03）。女性、受者年龄较大和既往肾移植史是恶性肿瘤发生的显著预测因素。
肾移植受者术后恶性肿瘤与较低的总生存率相关。恶性肿瘤筛查对肾移植患者很重要，尤其是对老年女性和有既往肾移植史的患者。
