Landymore R W, Marble A E, Trillo A, Faulkner G, MacAulay M A, Cameron C
Ann Thorac Surg. 1987 May;43(5):534-8. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)60204-4.
The effect of potassium cardioplegia and potassium cardioplegia containing verapamil hydrochloride on myocardial preservation and electrical activity during prolonged aortic occlusion was examined in 40 adult mongrel dogs. Twenty-four animals (Group 1) received potassium cardioplegia, and 16 animals (Group 2) received potassium verapamil cardioplegia. Potassium or potassium verapamil cardioplegia, 10 ml per kilogram of body weight, was administered after application of the aortic cross-clamp and at 30-minute intervals during the 90-minute arrest. Myocardial temperature was maintained within a range of 8 degrees to 10 degrees C with topical ice saline solution, and electrical activity was monitored with specially designed plunge electrodes. Plunge electrode activity was recorded from the myocardium during arrest in 16 of the 24 animals in Group 1; no electrical activity was present in the animals in Group 2 (p less than .001). The addition of verapamil to potassium cardioplegia increased the tolerance of the myocardium to prolonged ischemia and resulted in less depletion of high-energy phosphate stores and better preservation of mitochondrial ultrastructure and left ventricular function. These data suggest that verapamil augments the preservation provided by potassium cardioplegia by initiating and maintaining a more complete electrical arrest.
在40只成年杂种犬身上研究了钾停搏液和含盐酸维拉帕米的钾停搏液对延长主动脉阻断期间心肌保护和电活动的影响。24只动物（第1组）接受钾停搏液，16只动物（第2组）接受维拉帕米钾停搏液。在应用主动脉交叉夹闭后以及90分钟停搏期间每隔30分钟，按每千克体重10毫升给予钾停搏液或维拉帕米钾停搏液。用局部冰盐水溶液将心肌温度维持在8摄氏度至10摄氏度范围内，并用专门设计的插入式电极监测电活动。在第1组的24只动物中有16只在停搏期间记录到了来自心肌的插入式电极活动；第2组动物未出现电活动（p<0.001）。在钾停搏液中添加维拉帕米可增加心肌对长时间缺血的耐受性，并减少高能磷酸储存的消耗，更好地保存线粒体超微结构和左心室功能。这些数据表明，维拉帕米通过启动和维持更完全的电停搏来增强钾停搏液提供的心肌保护作用。
