24个月以下儿童早期开始母乳喂养的相关因素：2019年埃塞俄比亚小型人口与健康调查
Factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among children less than 24 months old: the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey.
作者信息
Lucha Tadele Abate, Mengistu Admassu Ketsela
机构信息
Department of Neonatal Nursing, Menelik II Medical & Health Sciences College, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, Menelik II Medical & Health Sciences College, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Arch Public Health. 2022 Jul 6;80(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s13690-022-00920-4.
BACKGROUND
The world Health Organization recommended that all mothers be supported to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth, within the first hour. This study examined the determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia by using data from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey.
METHODS
The data for this study was extracted from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 1948 children aged less than 24 months at the time of the survey were included for analysis from the nine regional states and two city administrations. The analysis was carried out in STATA Version 14.2 software using survey commands to account for the complex sample design and apply sampling weights. A manual backward stepwise elimination approach was applied.
RESULT
The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia was noted to be 75.2% [95% CI (71.9, 78.5%)]. In the multivariable analysis, mothers who had vaginal deliveries [AOR = 3.02 (95% CI: 1.55, 5.88)] had 3 times higher odds practicing early initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had a cesarian section. Mothers aged between 35 and 49 years [AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.20, 4.49] had 2.4 times higher odds of practicing early initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers aged below 20 years. In addition, early initiation of breastfeeding was also associated with the region where mothers resided, in particular mothers in Amhara and Somali region, had lower odds of practicing early initiation of breastfeeding as compared with mothers residing in Tigray region.
CONCLUSION
Early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia was found to be significantly associated with mode of delivery, mother's age, and region. As a result, raising awareness about early initiation of breastfeeding is especially important for mothers who have had a cesarean section, which could be accomplished with the help of the health extension workforce.
背景
世界卫生组织建议，应支持所有母亲在产后一小时内尽快开始母乳喂养。本研究利用2019年埃塞俄比亚小型人口与健康调查的数据，对埃塞俄比亚早期开始母乳喂养的决定因素进行了调查。
方法
本研究的数据取自2019年埃塞俄比亚小型人口与健康调查。调查时共有来自九个地区州和两个市辖区的1948名年龄小于24个月的儿童纳入分析。分析在STATA 14.2软件中进行，使用调查命令来考虑复杂的样本设计并应用抽样权重。采用手动向后逐步消除法。
结果
埃塞俄比亚早期开始母乳喂养的患病率为75.2% [95%可信区间(71.9, 78.5%)]。在多变量分析中，与剖宫产的母亲相比，顺产的母亲进行早期母乳喂养的几率高出3倍[AOR = 3.02(95%可信区间: 1.55, 5.88)]。与年龄在20岁以下的母亲相比，年龄在35至49岁之间的母亲进行早期母乳喂养的几率高出2.4倍[AOR = 2.40, 95%可信区间: 1.20, 4.49]。此外，早期开始母乳喂养还与母亲居住的地区有关，特别是阿姆哈拉和索马里地区的母亲，与提格雷地区的母亲相比，进行早期母乳喂养的几率较低。
结论
埃塞俄比亚早期开始母乳喂养与分娩方式、母亲年龄和地区显著相关。因此，提高对早期开始母乳喂养的认识对剖宫产的母亲尤为重要，这可以在健康推广工作人员的帮助下实现。
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