Mekonen Enyew Getaneh
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2024 Dec 25;19(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s13006-024-00691-4.
Early initiation of breastfeeding is defined as giving breast milk to the newborn within one hour of birth. It strengthens the link between mother and child, promotes cognitive development, and lowers the chance of obesity and non-communicable diseases during the prime years of life. Nowadays, only 50% of newborns worldwide receive breast milk within their first hour of life. This study examined the prevalence and individual- and community-level factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding using the Demographic and Health Survey data and offers suggestions that can enhance the practice in Mozambique.
Data from the nationally representative Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey were used in this cross-sectional analysis. The study included a weighted sample of 3,548 children born in the two years prior to the survey. Software for statistical analysis, STATA/SE version 14.0, was used to clean, recode, and analyze the data. Utilizing multilevel logistic regression, the factors associated with the outcome variable were identified. Statistical significance was attained by variables having a p-value less than 0.05.
The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in Mozambique was 75.03% (95% CI: 73.58%, 76.43%). Factors like non-working [AOR = 0.62; 95% CI (0.50, 0.78)], wanted last pregnancy [AOR = 1.68; 95% CI (1.33, 2.12)], antenatal care attendance [AOR = 0.63; 95% CI (0.43, 0.93)], vaginal birth [AOR = 2.30; 95% CI (1.58, 3.36)], size of the child at birth [AOR = 1.77; 95% CI (1.26, 2.48)], urban residence [AOR = 2.99; 95% CI (1.90, 4.72)], community-level antenatal care utilization [AOR = 0.52; 95% CI (0.35, 0.77)], and community poverty level [AOR = 0.34; 95% CI (0.20, 0.58)] were significantly associated with early initiation of breastfeeding.
About three out of four newborn babies in Mozambique have an early initiation of breastfeeding. It is critical to concentrate on developing policies that support the early initiation of breastfeeding, particularly for mothers who have small children, unplanned pregnancies, non-vaginal deliveries, and reside in rural areas.
早期开始母乳喂养的定义是在新生儿出生后一小时内给予母乳。它加强了母婴之间的联系，促进认知发展，并降低了生命黄金时期肥胖和非传染性疾病的发生几率。如今，全球只有50%的新生儿在出生后第一小时内接受母乳喂养。本研究利用人口与健康调查数据，调查了与早期开始母乳喂养相关的患病率以及个人和社区层面的因素，并提出了可加强莫桑比克母乳喂养实践的建议。
本横断面分析使用了具有全国代表性的莫桑比克人口与健康调查数据。该研究纳入了调查前两年出生的3548名儿童的加权样本。使用统计分析软件STATA/SE 14.0对数据进行清理、重新编码和分析。利用多水平逻辑回归确定与结果变量相关的因素。p值小于0.05的变量具有统计学意义。
莫桑比克早期开始母乳喂养的患病率为75.03%（95%置信区间：73.58%，76.43%）。诸如无工作[AOR = 0.62；95%置信区间(0.50, 0.78)]、上次怀孕为意愿内怀孕[AOR = 1.68；95%置信区间(1.33, 2.12)]、接受产前护理[AOR = 0.63；95%置信区间(0.43, 0.93)]、顺产[AOR = 2.30；95%置信区间(1.58, 3.36)]、出生时孩子的大小[AOR = 1.77；95%置信区间(1.26, 2.48)]、城市居住[AOR = 2.99；95%置信区间(1.90, 4.72)]、社区层面产前护理的利用情况[AOR = 0.52；95%置信区间(0.35, 0.77)]以及社区贫困水平[AOR = 0.34；95%置信区间(0.20, 0.58)]等因素与早期开始母乳喂养显著相关。
莫桑比克约四分之三的新生儿早期开始母乳喂养。制定支持早期开始母乳喂养的政策至关重要，特别是对于那些有小孩、意外怀孕、非顺产以及居住在农村地区的母亲。
