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执行功能、身体能力及其与年轻足球运动员战术表现的关系。

Executive Functions, Physical Abilities, and Their Relationship with Tactical Performance in Young Soccer Players.

机构信息

Laboratory of Studies in Soccer, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, 28130Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Post-Graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, 28130Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

出版信息

Percept Mot Skills. 2022 Oct;129(5):1477-1491. doi: 10.1177/00315125221112236. Epub 2022 Jul 6.

DOI:10.1177/00315125221112236
PMID:35794712
Abstract

While tactical performance in soccer is associated with the players' and teams' collective actions in the context of game stimuli, how tactical performance relates to players' executive functions (EFs) and physical abilities should be examined. In this study, we examined these relationships among 81 Under-15 male soccer players who underwent tactical evaluation (FUT-SAT), EF tests (i.e.,(Stop-Signal Test and Design Fluency Test)), and physical tests (i.e.,(Maturity Offset, Yoyo Endurance Test II, Sargent Jump Test, and Sprint Test)). Multiple linear regression modeling with the stepwise method showed that approximately 48% of overall game tactical performance variance was explained by inhibitory control, biological maturation, and sprint capacity ( = .004; = .54; = .479), whereas 35% of offensive tactical performance variance was explained by the same dimensions ( = .001; = .91; = .353). In addition, approximately 28% of defensive tactical performance variance was explained by cognitive flexibility and aerobic resistance ( = .007; = .39; = .280). These results reflect the combined importance of EFs and physical abilities for tactical performance in young soccer players, suggesting that these abilities may be targets for training when trying to improve young players' performance.

摘要

虽然足球战术表现与球员和球队在比赛刺激背景下的集体行动有关,但战术表现与球员的执行功能(EFs)和身体能力的关系仍需加以研究。在这项研究中,我们对 81 名 15 岁以下男性足球运动员进行了战术评估(FUT-SAT)、执行功能测试(即停止信号测试和设计流畅性测试)和体能测试(即成熟度偏移、YoYo 耐力测试 II、Sargent 跳跃测试和冲刺测试)。采用逐步法的多元线性回归模型表明,抑制控制、生物成熟度和冲刺能力解释了总比赛战术表现变异的约 48%( =.004; =.54; =.479),而相同维度解释了进攻战术表现变异的 35%( =.001; =.91; =.353)。此外,认知灵活性和有氧耐力解释了约 28%的防守战术表现变异( =.007; =.39; =.280)。这些结果反映了执行功能和身体能力对年轻足球运动员战术表现的综合重要性,表明在试图提高年轻球员的表现时,这些能力可能是训练的目标。

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