Ghosh Shampa, Durgvanshi Shantanu, Han Sung Soo, Bhaskar Rakesh, Sinha Jitendra Kumar
Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neurosciences (AINN), Amity University UP, Sector -125, Noida, 201303, India.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2023;23(2):128-142. doi: 10.2174/1568026622666220707114121.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the greatest pandemic of this era and has affected more than 10 million people across 213 nations. However, the etiology, management, and treatment of COVID-19 remain unknown. A better understanding of the novel virus would help in developing accurate diagnostic methods and efficacious drugs for the treatment of patients of all age groups. To control the pandemic urgently, many drugs are being repurposed and several clinical trials are in progress for the same. As cytokine storm has been observed to be one of the common mechanisms of immune response in COVID-19 patients, several drugs are under trials to control the cytokine storm. In this review, we discuss the different categories of drugs in clinical trials for the management of cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients. Hitherto, several promising candidates such as IL-1 and IL-6 inhibitors have failed to display efficacy in the trials. Only corticosteroid therapy has shown benefit so far, albeit limited to patients on ventilator support. Thus, it is crucial to seek novel strategies to combat hyperinflammation and increase survival in COVID-19 afflicted patients.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是这个时代最大的大流行病，已影响到213个国家的1000多万人。然而，COVID-19的病因、管理和治疗方法仍然未知。更好地了解这种新型病毒将有助于开发准确的诊断方法和有效的药物来治疗所有年龄段的患者。为了紧急控制这一流行病，许多药物正在被重新利用，并且正在为此进行多项临床试验。由于细胞因子风暴被认为是COVID-19患者免疫反应的常见机制之一，目前有几种药物正在进行试验以控制细胞因子风暴。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于管理COVID-19患者细胞因子风暴的临床试验中的不同类别药物。迄今为止，一些有前景的候选药物，如白细胞介素-1和白细胞介素-6抑制剂，在试验中未能显示出疗效。到目前为止，只有皮质类固醇疗法显示出益处，尽管仅限于需要呼吸机支持的患者。因此，寻求新的策略来对抗过度炎症并提高COVID-19患者的生存率至关重要。
