Author Affiliations: College of Nursing (Dr Kim), Institute of Nursing Research (Dr Kim), and Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Department of Healthcare Sciences, Graduate School (Dr Kim), Korea University, Seoul; and School of Nursing, University of Connecticut (Dr De Campos and Ms Choi), Storrs.
Comput Inform Nurs. 2022 Jul 1;40(7):455-465. doi: 10.1097/CIN.0000000000000832.
Although the human papillomavirus vaccine is efficacious, 40% of 13-year-old adolescents have been vaccinated for human papillomavirus. Implementing theory-based, user-centered applications can address this suboptimal coverage. This formative usability test aimed to develop a theory-based, user-centered interface to stimulate and inform parents' decision making on human papillomavirus vaccination and to help them act upon that decision. Iterative formative assessments were conducted through four focus groups of parents of children aged 9 to 14 years (N = 15). Participants discussed the desired content and features of a vaccine for human papillomavirus smartphone application while reviewing application prototypes. The discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then underwent qualitative content analysis. Four of the discovered themes were related to the content desired by parents: sources of information, facilitators of human papillomavirus vaccination, addressing the reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and gender-neutral content. The remaining three themes concerned the application's desirable designs and features: clear and descriptive interfaces, accessibility to broad groups of end users, and closing the intention-behavior gap. The need for adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination was generally well received by participants. This study found that theory-based, user-centered applications offering directions to appropriate clinics and human papillomavirus vaccine recommendations offered by nurses, can mitigate hesitancy by providing information via preferred routes and closing intention-behavior gaps.
尽管人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗有效，但仍有 40%的 13 岁青少年接种了 HPV 疫苗。实施基于理论、以用户为中心的应用程序可以解决这种疫苗接种覆盖不理想的问题。这项形成性可用性测试旨在开发一种基于理论、以用户为中心的界面，以激发和告知父母关于 HPV 疫苗接种的决策，并帮助他们做出决策。通过对 9 至 14 岁儿童的父母进行的四次焦点小组（N=15），进行了迭代式形成性评估。参与者在审查应用程序原型的同时讨论了 HPV 智能手机应用程序所需的内容和功能。讨论被记录下来，逐字转录，然后进行了定性内容分析。发现了四个与父母期望内容相关的主题：信息来源、HPV 疫苗接种的促进因素、解决疫苗犹豫的原因以及性别中立的内容。其余三个主题涉及应用程序的理想设计和功能：清晰和描述性的界面、广泛的目标用户群体的可访问性以及缩小意图-行为差距。青少年 HPV 疫苗接种的必要性普遍得到参与者的认可。本研究发现，提供指向合适诊所的方向以及护士提供的 HPV 疫苗推荐的基于理论、以用户为中心的应用程序，可以通过提供首选途径的信息和缩小意图-行为差距来减轻犹豫。
