Hutchinson Institute for Cancer Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Health Behavior, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Am J Prev Med. 2021 Jul;61(1):88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.02.009. Epub 2021 May 8.
The Announcement Approach using presumptive announcements increases human papillomavirus vaccine uptake. This study seeks to understand the impact of the final Announcement Approach steps-easing parents' vaccine concerns and then encouraging them to get human papillomavirus vaccine for their children-on parents' human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy and confidence in the vaccine's benefits.
In 2017-2018, investigators recruited an online national sample of 1,196 U.S. parents of children aged 9-17 years who had not yet completed the human papillomavirus vaccine series. Following the steps of the Announcement Approach, participants viewed brief videos of a pediatrician announcing that a child was due for human papillomavirus vaccine (shown to all the parents). In the 2 × 2 experiment, parents saw (1) a video of the pediatrician attempting to ease a concern that the parent had raised earlier in the survey (Ease video), (2) a video of the pediatrician encouraging the parent to get their child vaccinated (Encourage video), (3) both videos, or (4) neither of the videos. Data analysis was conducted in spring 2020.
Seeing the Ease video message led to lower human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy than not seeing it (mean=2.71, SD=1.29 vs mean=2.97, SD=1.33; p<0.001). The beneficial impact of easing concerns on lower vaccine hesitancy was explained by higher confidence (p<0.05). By contrast, the Encourage video had no impact on human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy or confidence.
Addressing parents' concerns can decrease human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy and increase confidence. On the basis of these findings, the Announcement Approach retained its emphasis on announcing that children are due for vaccination and easing parent concerns.
使用假定公告的公告方法可提高人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的接种率。本研究旨在了解公告方法的最后步骤（缓解父母对疫苗的担忧，然后鼓励他们为孩子接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗）对父母对人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的犹豫和对疫苗益处的信心的影响。
2017-2018 年，研究人员招募了一个由 1196 名美国父母组成的在线全国样本，这些父母的孩子年龄在 9-17 岁之间，尚未完成人乳头瘤病毒疫苗系列接种。按照公告方法的步骤，参与者观看了一段儿科医生宣布孩子需要接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的简短视频（向所有父母展示）。在 2×2 实验中，父母观看了（1）儿科医生试图缓解父母在调查中早些时候提出的担忧的视频（缓解视频），（2）儿科医生鼓励父母为孩子接种疫苗的视频（鼓励视频），（3）两个视频，或（4）两个视频都不看。数据分析于 2020 年春季进行。
观看缓解视频比不看视频导致人乳头瘤病毒疫苗犹豫程度降低（平均值=2.71，标准差=1.29 与平均值=2.97，标准差=1.33；p<0.001）。缓解担忧对降低疫苗犹豫的有益影响是通过增加信心来解释的（p<0.05）。相比之下，鼓励视频对人乳头瘤病毒疫苗犹豫或信心没有影响。
解决父母的担忧可以降低人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的犹豫，并提高信心。基于这些发现，公告方法保留了强调宣布孩子需要接种疫苗和缓解家长担忧的重点。
