Ruiz de Porras Vicenç
Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona Applied Research Group in Oncology (B·ARGO), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Ctra. Can Ruti-Camí de les Escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain.
Cancer Drug Resist. 2022 Apr 6;5(2):339-343. doi: 10.20517/cdr.2022.02. eCollection 2022.
Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer, and its incidence is steadily rising worldwide, with the highest rates in developed countries. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the standard therapy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, less than 50% of patients initially respond to this treatment and nearly all of them eventually develop resistance, which is an important barrier to long-term survival. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance in BC and develop ways to counteract them. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that naturally derived bioactive compounds, such as phytochemicals and flavonoids, can enhance the antitumor activity of cisplatin, with minimal side effects, by targeting different pathways involved in cisplatin sensitivity and resistance. However, their poor bioavailability has been one of the main problems for their successful introduction into clinical practice. At present, however, many new formulations with greatly increased bioavailability are under study in several clinical trials with encouraging results.
膀胱癌（BC）是全球第十大常见癌症，其发病率在全球范围内呈稳步上升趋势，在发达国家发病率最高。以顺铂为基础的新辅助化疗后行根治性膀胱切除术是肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者的标准治疗方法。然而，不到50%的患者最初对这种治疗有反应，几乎所有患者最终都会产生耐药性，这是长期生存的一个重要障碍。因此，迫切需要了解膀胱癌中顺铂耐药的机制，并开发对抗这些机制的方法。多项临床前研究表明，天然衍生的生物活性化合物，如植物化学物质和类黄酮，可通过靶向参与顺铂敏感性和耐药性的不同途径，增强顺铂的抗肿瘤活性，且副作用最小。然而，其低生物利用度一直是它们成功应用于临床实践的主要问题之一。然而目前，几种生物利用度大大提高的新制剂正在多项临床试验中进行研究，结果令人鼓舞。
