MultiCare Health System, Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Tacoma, WA.
Department of Family Medicine, Devision of Sports Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2022 Jul 1;21(7):239-246. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000973.
Glenohumeral joint (GHJ) dislocation is a relatively common injury. Anterior GHJ dislocations are divided into subcoracoid, subglenoid, subclavicular, and intrathoracic subtypes. The aim of this article is to review current GHJ dislocation classification and briefly discuss management of each type. Discrepancies and inaccuracies exist in regard to GHJ dislocation classification. We suggest adding a new subtype, "paraglenoid," to improve the current GHJ dislocation classification system. The paraglenoid subtype describes a portion of the subcoracoid anterior GHJ dislocation. GHJ dislocation is most often caused by force applied to the arm during a fall but also can be due to direct impact to the shoulder. Physical examination often reveals classic deformities, and thorough neurovascular examination is crucial. Radiographs should be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess for associated bony injuries. Numerous reduction techniques are described in the literature, with chosen method dependent on patient factors, provider experience, and GHJ dislocation type.
肩盂肱关节（GHJ）脱位是一种相对常见的损伤。前 GHJ 脱位分为喙突下、肩胛下、锁骨下和胸腔内亚型。本文旨在回顾当前 GHJ 脱位分类，并简要讨论每种类型的治疗。在 GHJ 脱位分类方面存在差异和不准确之处。我们建议增加一个新的亚型“肩胛盂旁”，以改进当前的 GHJ 脱位分类系统。肩胛盂旁亚型描述了喙突下前 GHJ 脱位的一部分。GHJ 脱位最常因手臂在跌倒时受力引起，但也可能因肩部直接受到撞击而引起。体格检查通常会发现典型的畸形，全面的神经血管检查至关重要。应使用 X 线片来确认诊断并评估相关的骨损伤。文献中描述了许多复位技术，选择的方法取决于患者因素、提供者经验和 GHJ 脱位类型。
