Department of Physical Education, Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE), School of Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01, Vargem Limpa, Bauru, SP, 17033-360, Brazil.
Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia.
Sports Med. 2022 Nov;52(11):2733-2757. doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01714-y. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is defined as non-thermal electromagnetic irradiation through laser or light-emitting diode sources. In recent decades, PBMT has attracted attention as a potential preconditioning method. The current meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of PBMT in improving mode-specific exercise performance in healthy young adults.
A computerized literature search was conducted, ending on 15 May 2022. The databases searched were PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database. Inclusion/exclusion criteria limited articles to crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies investigating the PBMT effects as a preconditioning method. The included trials were synthesized according to exercise mode (single-joint, cycling, running, and swimming). All results were combined using the standardized mean differences (SMDs) method and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were described.
A total of 37 individual studies, employing 78 exercise performance measurements in 586 participants, were included in the analyses. In single-joint exercises, PBMT improved muscle endurance performance (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.12-0.41; p < 0.01) but not muscle strength performance (p = 0.92). In cycling, PBMT improved time to exhaustion performance (SMD 0.35, 95% CI 0.10-0.59; p < 0.01) but had no effect on all-out sprint performance (p = 0.96). Similarly, PBMT had no effect on time to exhaustion (p = 0.10), time-trial (p = 0.61), or repeated-sprint (p = 0.37) performance in running and no effect on time-trial performance in swimming (p = 0.81).
PBMT improves muscle endurance performance in single-joint exercises and time to exhaustion performance in cycling but is not effective for muscle strength performance in single-joint exercises, running, or swimming performance metrics.
光生物调节疗法（PBMT）被定义为通过激光或发光二极管源进行的非热电磁辐射。在过去的几十年中，PBMT 作为一种潜在的预处理方法引起了人们的关注。目前的荟萃分析旨在评估 PBMT 改善健康年轻成年人特定运动模式的运动表现的有效性。
计算机文献检索于 2022 年 5 月 15 日结束。检索的数据库包括 PubMed、Cochrane 中央对照试验注册中心、Embase、SPORTDiscus 和物理治疗证据数据库。纳入/排除标准将文章限制为交叉、双盲、安慰剂对照研究，研究 PBMT 作为预处理方法的效果。根据运动模式（单关节、骑自行车、跑步和游泳）对纳入的试验进行综合。所有结果均采用标准化均数差值（SMD）法进行合并，并描述了 95%置信区间（CI）。
共纳入 37 项个体研究，对 586 名参与者的 78 项运动表现测量结果进行了分析。在单关节运动中，PBMT 提高了肌肉耐力表现（SMD0.27，95%CI0.12-0.41；p<0.01），但不影响肌肉力量表现（p=0.92）。在骑自行车中，PBMT 提高了耐力时间（SMD0.35，95%CI0.10-0.59；p<0.01），但对全速冲刺表现没有影响（p=0.96）。同样，PBMT 对跑步中的耐力时间（p=0.10）、计时赛（p=0.61）或重复冲刺（p=0.37）没有影响，对游泳中的计时赛表现没有影响（p=0.81）。
PBMT 可提高单关节运动中的肌肉耐力表现和骑自行车中的耐力时间表现，但对单关节运动、跑步或游泳表现指标中的肌肉力量表现无效。
