Awi zone Livestock Resource Development Office, Animal Health Department, Injibara, Ethiopia.
School of Animal science and Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Vet Med Sci. 2022 Sep;8(5):2194-2205. doi: 10.1002/vms3.878. Epub 2022 Jul 8.
Tick and tick borne haemopathogens are the main challenge of livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia particular in northwest Ethiopia due to favourable climate condition.
The objectives of this study was to determining the prevalence of Ixodid tick infestation and tick borne haemopathogens on cattle, identifying the existing Ixodid tick species, assessing seasonal variation and major risk factors associated with tick infestation and tick borne haemopathogens.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to july 2021 on Ixodid tick infestation and tick borne haemopathogens on cattle in the northwest Ethiopia. A toatal of 384 cattle were used for this study. Tick species were identified using morphological identification keys under a stereomicroscope. Thin blood smear examination were conducted to assess tick borne haemopathogens.
The overall prevalence of Ixodid tick infestation and tick borne haemopathogens were 45% and 3%, respectively. Babesia bigemina was the only haemoparasite detected in the present survey. Potential risk factors were investigated for their association with tick infestation and B. bigemina using logistic regression and chi-square test, respectively. Accordingly, age, body condition, agroecological systems and season were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with tick infestation whereas season and body condition were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with B. bigemina infection. A total seven tick species were identified. Amblyomma varigatum (55%) and Boophilus decoloratus (15.7%) were the predominant Ixodid tick species encountered. A total of 128 blood samples were collected from Jawi district and examined using thin blood smear. Of them, 3% were infected by the B. bigemina CONCLUSIONS: Tick infestation in this study was high and seems to play vital role for the reduction of production, productivity and for the transmission B. bigemina. Therefore, sound and effective tick control and prevention strategies are needed to mitigate the risk factors for tick infestation and B. bigemina infection in Ethiopia.
在埃塞俄比亚，尤其是在西北部，由于有利的气候条件， ticks 和 tick 传播的血液病原体是畜牧业生产和生产力的主要挑战。
本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚西北部牛 tick 感染和 tick 传播血液病原体的流行情况，确定现有的 tick 种类，评估与 tick 感染和 tick 传播血液病原体相关的季节性变化和主要风险因素。
本研究采用横断面研究方法，于 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 7 月在埃塞俄比亚西北部对牛 tick 感染和 tick 传播血液病原体进行了研究。本研究共使用了 384 头牛。使用立体显微镜下的形态学鉴定手册对 tick 种类进行鉴定。采用薄血涂片检查评估 tick 传播血液病原体。
总体而言，tick 感染和 tick 传播血液病原体的流行率分别为 45%和 3%。在本次调查中，只检测到巴贝西原虫。使用逻辑回归和卡方检验分别调查了潜在的风险因素与 tick 感染和 B. bigemina 的关联。因此，年龄、身体状况、农业生态系统和季节与 tick 感染显著相关（p<0.05），而季节和身体状况与 B. bigemina 感染显著相关（p<0.05）。共鉴定出 7 种 tick 种类。阿马比马属（55%）和波菲斯属（15.7%）是最常见的 tick 种类。从贾维区采集了 128 份血样，用薄血涂片检查。其中，3%的样本感染了 B. bigemina。
本研究中的 tick 感染率较高，似乎对降低生产、生产力以及 B. bigemina 的传播起着至关重要的作用。因此，需要制定健全有效的 tick 控制和预防策略，以减轻埃塞俄比亚 tick 感染和 B. bigemina 感染的风险因素。
