College of Information Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 8;17(7):e0270579. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270579. eCollection 2022.
The copyright problem of digital products is becoming more and more prominent. In this case, digital watermarking technology has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars in the field of information security. Among the proposed technologies, zero-watermarking technology has been favored greatly with its excellent imperceptibility. In this paper, a novel robust audio zero-watermarking scheme is designed by applying non-negative matrix decomposition algorithm to zero-watermarking technology. Firstly, the proposed scheme divides the input audio signal into fixed frames, then applies fast Fourier transform(FFT) and non-negative matrix factorization(NMF) algorithm to extract the feature vector of the original audio signal. Finally, XOR the feature vector and the digital watermark sequence to achieve the embedding of zero-watermarking. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs more effectively in resisting common and frame-desynchronization attacks than the existing zero-watermarking schemes.
数字产品的版权问题日益突出。在这种情况下，数字水印技术引起了信息安全领域许多专家和学者的关注。在所提出的技术中，零水印技术因其出色的不可感知性而受到极大的青睐。本文将非负矩阵分解算法应用于零水印技术，设计了一种新颖的鲁棒音频零水印方案。首先，该方案将输入的音频信号分成固定的帧，然后应用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）和非负矩阵分解（NMF）算法提取原始音频信号的特征向量。最后，通过异或操作将特征向量和数字水印序列进行嵌入，实现零水印的嵌入。实验结果表明，与现有的零水印方案相比，该方案在抵抗常见的和帧失步攻击方面具有更好的性能。
