M&K Health Institute, 30-9 Kariya, , Ako, Hyogo, 678-0239, Japan.
Umegaoka Women's Hospital, 1-33-3 Umegaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154-0022, Japan.
Reprod Health. 2022 Jul 8;19(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01462-2.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether women's ages at conception and the ratio of male to female infants are associated with various ovulation patterns.
An observational clinical study was conducted in private OB/GYN clinics. Infertile women with regular menstrual cycles receiving intrauterine insemination (IUI) and/or in-vitro fertilization (IVF) had their ovulation patterns monitored in three consecutive spontaneous cycles receiving infertility treatment in the third cycle. Ovulation patterns were also observed in women with slight ovulation disorders during IUI and/or IVF in clomiphene citrate stimulated cycles. All the pregnant women's ages at conception and their respective offspring sex ratios were compared to various ovulation patterns. Statistical evaluation was performed using ANOVA, unpaired t test, χ test or Fisher's exact test, heterogeneity χ test, odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals and logistic regression.
Contralateral ovulation (i.e. ovulation jumping from ovary to the other) was more often observed in relatively younger women, who showed a higher probability of having a boy than after ipsilateral ovulation. There was a significantly higher frequency of boys being conceived following three consecutive ovulations with a left-left-right (LLR) ovulation pattern, while three ovulations from the left ovary (LLL) were associated with a higher frequency of girls. We also found two consecutive menstrual cycles the left-right (LR) ovulation pattern showed a similar significant difference compared to the left-left (LL) ovulation. Both the infertile and infertile + fertile women groups showing right-sided ovulation, regardless of age, showed significantly higher offspring sex ratio compared to left-sided ovulation, which was not observed in the group of fertile women alone.
LLR, LR and contralateral ovulation happens more often in younger women and favors male offspring in infertile women. Right-sided ovulation favors male offspring in infertile and infertile + fertile women, which was not observed in the group of fertile women.
本研究旨在评估女性受孕时的年龄以及男婴与女婴的比例是否与各种排卵模式有关。
这是一项在私人妇产科诊所进行的观察性临床研究。接受宫腔内人工授精（IUI）和/或体外受精（IVF）的月经周期规律的不孕女性，在接受不孕治疗的第三个周期中，连续三个自然周期监测排卵模式。在枸橼酸氯米酚刺激周期的 IUI 和/或 IVF 中，排卵障碍轻微的女性也观察排卵模式。将所有受孕女性的年龄及其后代的性别比例与各种排卵模式进行比较。采用方差分析、独立样本 t 检验、卡方检验或 Fisher 确切概率检验、异质性卡方检验、95%置信区间的优势比和逻辑回归进行统计学评估。
对侧排卵（即从一侧卵巢排卵到另一侧）在相对年轻的女性中更为常见，她们生男孩的概率高于同侧排卵。连续三次左侧-左侧-右侧（LLR）排卵模式下，男孩的受孕频率明显较高，而三次左侧卵巢排卵（LLL）与女孩的受孕频率较高有关。我们还发现，两次连续的月经周期左侧-右侧（LR）排卵模式与左侧-左侧（LL）排卵模式相比具有类似的显著差异。无论年龄大小，显示右侧排卵的不孕和不孕+可育女性组的后代性别比例明显高于左侧排卵组，但在仅可育女性组中未观察到这种情况。
LLR、LR 和对侧排卵在年轻女性中更为常见，有利于不孕女性的男婴。右侧排卵有利于不孕和不孕+可育女性的男婴，而在仅可育女性组中未观察到这种情况。
