Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
Glycan & Life Systems Integration Center, Soka University, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan.
Cells. 2022 Jun 29;11(13):2068. doi: 10.3390/cells11132068.
Transection of the rat facial nerve leads to a variety of alterations not only in motoneurons, but also in glial cells and inhibitory neurons in the ipsilateral facial nucleus. In injured motoneurons, the levels of energy metabolism-related molecules are elevated, while those of neurofunction-related molecules are decreased. In tandem with these motoneuron changes, microglia are activated and start to proliferate around injured motoneurons, and astrocytes become activated for a long period without mitosis. Inhibitory GABAergic neurons reduce the levels of neurofunction-related molecules. These facts indicate that injured motoneurons somehow closely interact with glial cells and inhibitory neurons. At the same time, these events allow us to predict the occurrence of tissue remodeling in the axotomized facial nucleus. This review summarizes the events occurring in the axotomized facial nucleus and the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with each event.
大鼠面神经横断不仅导致运动神经元，而且导致同侧面核中的神经胶质细胞和抑制性神经元发生各种改变。在损伤的运动神经元中，与能量代谢相关的分子水平升高，而与神经功能相关的分子水平降低。与这些运动神经元变化同时发生的是，小胶质细胞被激活并开始在损伤的运动神经元周围增殖，星形胶质细胞在没有有丝分裂的情况下长期被激活。抑制性 GABA 能神经元降低了与神经功能相关的分子水平。这些事实表明，损伤的运动神经元以某种方式与神经胶质细胞和抑制性神经元密切相互作用。同时，这些事件使我们能够预测轴索切断后面核组织重塑的发生。本综述总结了轴索切断后面核中发生的事件以及与每个事件相关的细胞和分子机制。
