Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44600, Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones en Abejas (CIABE), Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán 49000, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 5;19(13):8199. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19138199.
This is a preliminary study conducted to analyze the presence and concentration of pesticides in honey obtained from honey bee colonies located in two regions with managed ecosystems that differ in the intensity and technification of agricultural practices. Fourteen pesticides at variable concentrations were detected in 63% of the samples analyzed. The pesticides most frequently found at higher concentrations were insecticides (neonicotinoids, followed by organophosphates), herbicides, and fungicides. The number, frequency, and concentration of pesticides were higher in samples collected from hives located where intensive and highly-technified agriculture is practiced. Forty-three percent of the samples from that zone had residues of imidacloprid, compared with only 13% of the samples from the less-technified zone. Furthermore, 87.5% of those samples had imidacloprid concentrations that were above sublethal doses for honey bees (>0.25 ng/g) but that are not considered hazardous to human health by the European Commission. The results of this study suggest that honey can be used as a bioindicator of environmental contamination by pesticides, which highlights the need to continue monitoring contaminants in this product to determine the risks of pesticide impacts on pollinator health, on ecosystems, and on their potential implications to human health and other non-target organisms.
这是一项初步研究，旨在分析从两个生态系统管理区域的蜜蜂群体中获得的蜂蜜中农药的存在和浓度，这两个区域的农业实践在强度和技术化程度上有所不同。在分析的 63%的样本中检测到 14 种浓度不同的农药。在浓度较高的情况下，最常发现的农药是杀虫剂（新烟碱类，其次是有机磷类）、除草剂和杀菌剂。在集约化和高度技术化农业地区采集的蜂箱样本中，农药的数量、频率和浓度更高。来自该区域的 43%的样本中残留有吡虫啉，而来自技术化程度较低区域的样本中只有 13%残留有吡虫啉。此外，这些样本中有 87.5%的吡虫啉浓度超过了对蜜蜂的亚致死剂量（>0.25ng/g），但欧盟委员会认为这些浓度对人类健康没有危害。这项研究的结果表明，蜂蜜可以用作农药环境污染的生物指示剂，这凸显了继续监测这种产品中的污染物的必要性，以确定农药对传粉者健康、生态系统以及对人类健康和其他非目标生物的潜在影响的风险。
