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电子束辐照降解天然橡胶基复合材料的研究进展，该复合材料中填充了矿物和有机填料。

Degradation by Electron Beam Irradiation of Some Composites Based on Natural Rubber Reinforced with Mineral and Organic Fillers.

机构信息

Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania.

Multipurpose Irradiation Facility Center-IRASM, Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 22;23(13):6925. doi: 10.3390/ijms23136925.

DOI:10.3390/ijms23136925
PMID:35805934
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9266345/
Abstract

Composites based on natural rubber reinforced with mineral (precipitated silica and chalk) and organic (sawdust and hemp) fillers in amount of 50 phr were obtained by peroxide cross-linking in the presence of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and irradiated by electron beam in the dose range of 150 and 450 kGy with the purpose of degradation. The composites mechanical characteristics, gel fraction, cross-linking degree, water uptake and weight loss in water and toluene were evaluated by specific analysis. The changes in structure and morphology were also studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Based on the results obtained in the structural analysis, possible mechanisms specific to degradation are proposed. The increasing of irradiation dose to 450 kGy produced larger agglomerated structures, cracks and micro voids on the surface, as a result of the degradation process. This is consistent with that the increasing of irradiation dose to 450 kGy leads to a decrease in crosslinking and gel fraction but also drastic changes in mechanical properties specific to the composites' degradation processes. The irradiation of composites reinforced with organic fillers lead to the formation of specific degradation compounds of both natural rubber and cellulose (aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, compounds with small macromolecules). In the case of the composites reinforced with mineral fillers the degradation can occur by the cleavage of hydrogen bonds formed between precipitated silica or chalk particles and polymeric matrix also.

摘要

基于天然橡胶的复合材料，通过过氧化物交联，并用三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯作为交联剂，添加了 50 份份数的矿物质（沉淀二氧化硅和白垩）和有机（木屑和麻纤维）填料，在电子束辐照剂量为 150 和 450 kGy 的范围内进行降解。通过特定分析评估了复合材料的机械性能、凝胶分数、交联度、吸水率和在水和甲苯中的失重。还通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜研究了结构和形态的变化。基于结构分析的结果，提出了可能的降解特定机制。增加辐照剂量至 450 kGy 会导致更大的团聚结构、表面出现裂缝和微空隙，这是降解过程的结果。这与增加辐照剂量至 450 kGy 会导致交联和凝胶分数降低，但也会对复合材料的降解过程的机械性能产生剧烈变化的情况一致。用有机填料增强的复合材料会形成天然橡胶和纤维素的特定降解化合物（醛、酮、羧酸、小分子化合物）。而用矿物质填料增强的复合材料，降解可能是通过沉淀二氧化硅或白垩颗粒与聚合物基质之间形成的氢键的断裂发生的。

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