Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Antioxidant Potential of New (2,3)-2-(4-isopropylbenzyl)-2-methyl-4-nitro-3-phenylbutanals and Their Corresponding Carboxylic Acids through In Vitro, In Silico and In Vivo Studies.

In the current study, a series of new (2,3)-2-(4-isopropylbenzyl)-2-methyl-4-nitro-3-phenylbutanals () with their corresponding carboxylic acid analogues () has been synthesized. Initially, the aldehydic derivatives were isolated in the diastereomeric form, and the structures were confirmed with NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Based on the encouraging results in in vitro COX 1/2, 5-LOX and antioxidant assays, we oxidized the compounds and obtained the pure single (major) diastereomer for activities. Among all the compounds, , and were the leading compounds based on their potent IC values. The IC values of compounds , and were 0.74, 0.69 and 0.18 µM, respectively, in COX-2 assay. Similarly, the IC values of these three compounds were also dominant in COX-1 assay. In 5-LOX assay, the majority of our compounds were potent inhibitors of the enzyme. Based on the potency and safety profiles, and were subjected to the in vivo experiments. The compounds and were observed with encouraging results in in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory models. The molecular docking studies of the selected compounds show binding interactions in the minimized pocked of the target proteins. It is obvious from the overall results that and are potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents.