Role of Gpnmb in atherosclerosis of female mice.

Atherosclerosis has become prevalent not only in Western industrialized countries but all over the globe. Gpnmb, a transmembrane protein expressed by macrophages, has been detected in aortic lesions. We created an ApoE/Gpnmb-double knockout mouse using Crispr-Cas9 to examine the effect of Gpnmb deficiency on the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Feeding female mice a high cholesterol diet for 8 and 12 weeks, we detected an increased plaque size in aortic root sections of Gpnmb-deficient compared to control mice. However, the plaque area in whole thoracic and abdominal aorta was not different. Despite its strong expression in macrophages in aortic plaques, Gpnmb exerts only a minor effect on the growth of the atherosclerotic plaques in female mice. Future studies should examine plaque stability and include both sexes to elucidate the sex-specific function of Gpnmb in atherosclerosis.