Neale Joanne, Farrugia Adrian, Campbell Aimee N, Dietze Paul, Dwyer Robyn, Fomiatti Renae, Jones Jermaine D, Comer Sandra D, Fraser Suzanne, Strang John
National Addiction Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Drugs (Abingdon Engl). 2022;29(2):109-120. doi: 10.1080/09687637.2021.1872499. Epub 2021 Feb 22.
Take-home naloxone (THN) is provided to non-medically trained people to reverse potential opioid overdoses. There is an increasing range of effective intramuscular (IM) and intranasal (IN) naloxone devices and this paper explores the types preferred by people who use opioids, using consumer behaviour literature to interpret the findings.
Data derive from two unconnected qualitative studies involving audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. Study 1 was conducted in the United States (n=21 users of non-medical/illicit opioids). Study 2 was conducted in Australia (n=42 users of non-medical/illicit or prescribed opioids).
Most participants preferred IN naloxone. Preferences were based on the ease, speed, safety and comfort of each device and underpinned by accounts of overdose revivals as being very rushed and frightening situations. Preferences related to complex interactions between the naloxone device ('product'); the knowledge, skills, experience and attitudes of the lay responder ('consumer'), and when, where and how naloxone was to be used ('usage situation').
THN programs should offer choice of device when possible and nasal naloxone if resources permit. Asking people which devices they prefer and why and treating them as valued consumers of naloxone products can generate insights that improve future naloxone technology and increase THN uptake and usage.
向未经医学培训的人员提供纳洛酮带回家（THN），以逆转潜在的阿片类药物过量。有效的肌肉注射（IM）和鼻内（IN）纳洛酮装置的种类越来越多，本文利用消费者行为文献来解读研究结果，探讨阿片类药物使用者更喜欢的装置类型。
数据来自两项不相关的定性研究，包括音频记录的半结构化访谈。研究1在美国进行（n = 21名非医疗/非法阿片类药物使用者）。研究2在澳大利亚进行（n = 42名非医疗/非法或处方阿片类药物使用者）。
大多数参与者更喜欢鼻内纳洛酮。偏好基于每种装置的易用性、速度、安全性和舒适度，并以过量复苏是非常紧急和可怕的情况为依据。偏好与纳洛酮装置（“产品”）、非专业急救者的知识、技能、经验和态度（“消费者”）以及纳洛酮的使用时间、地点和方式（“使用情况”）之间的复杂相互作用有关。
THN项目应尽可能提供装置选择，如果资源允许，应提供鼻内纳洛酮。询问人们更喜欢哪种装置以及原因，并将他们视为纳洛酮产品的重要消费者，可以产生有助于改进未来纳洛酮技术并提高THN的接受度和使用率的见解。
