Zheng Jinxing, Qin Jinggang, Lu Kun, Xu Min, Duan Xuru, Xu Guosheng, Hu Jiansheng, Gong Xianzu, Zang Qing, Liu Zhihong, Wang Liang, Ding Rui, Chen Jiming, Li Pengyuan, Xue Lei, Cai Lijun, Song Yuntao
Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China.
Innovation (Camb). 2022 Jun 11;3(4):100269. doi: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100269. eCollection 2022 Jul 12.
Fusion energy is a promising source of clean energy, which could solve energy shortages and environmental pollution. Research into controlled fusion energy has been ongoing for over half a century. China has created a clear roadmap for magnetic confinement fusion development, where superconducting tokamaks will be used in commercial fusion reactors. The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) is the world's first fully superconducting tokamak with upper and lower divertors, which aims at long-pulse, steady-state, H-mode operation, and 101-s H-mode discharge had been achieved. In 2007, China joined the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and became one of its seven members. Thirteen procurement packages are undertaken by China, covering superconducting magnets, power supplies, plasma-facing components (PFCs), diagnostics, etc. To bridge the gap between the ITER and fusion demonstration power plants (DEMOs), China is planning to build the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor (CFETR) to demonstrate related technologies and physics models. The engineering design of the CFETR was completed in 2020, and Comprehensive Research Facilities for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) are being constructed to explore the key technologies used in the CFETR.
聚变能源是一种很有前景的清洁能源，它可以解决能源短缺和环境污染问题。对可控聚变能源的研究已经进行了半个多世纪。中国已经制定了磁约束聚变发展的清晰路线图，超导托卡马克将用于商业聚变反应堆。实验先进超导托卡马克（EAST）是世界上首个具有上下偏滤器的全超导托卡马克，其目标是实现长脉冲、稳态、H 模运行，并且已经实现了 101 秒的 H 模放电。2007 年，中国加入了国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）并成为其七个成员之一。中国承担了 13 个采购包，涵盖超导磁体、电源、面向等离子体部件（PFC）、诊断等。为了弥合ITER与聚变示范电厂（DEMO）之间的差距，中国计划建造中国聚变工程试验堆（CFETR）以展示相关技术和物理模型。CFETR 的工程设计于 2020 年完成，目前正在建设聚变技术综合研究设施（CRAFT）以探索 CFETR 中使用的关键技术。
